Microbial Ecotoxicology As An Emerging Research Subject

Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
J. Gu
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Microorganisms play an important role in cycling of elements of ecosystems, including a wide range of chemical pollutants from anthropogenic origin. These pollutants in ecosystems, particularly aquatic, and sediment and soils, are in different physical and chemical forms in association with the inorganic and organic constituents of the sediment and soils, resulting in variable availability of them to microorganisms for assimilation and transformation. A thorough and comprehensive knowledge of the physical and chemical states of them in the environments requires detailed information of both the bioavailable pollutant concentration and also the metabolic capability of the microorganisms to assess the ecological and environmental toxicity of these pollutants meaningfully. Apart from the primary role as decomposers, microorganisms are qualified to be sensitive indicators for environmental pollution, and ecological health and ecotoxicity of pollutants because of their very short generation time and quickly response to chemical pollutants than higher and large organisms. When used for testing with the same strain, different laboratories can generate high reproducible results to allow comparison of the data feasible, not mention the reduction in cost. Based on the current advances made on genomics analysis and bioinformatics, microbial genomes are easily assembled with the technologies available to providing useful transcriptomic and metabolic annotations, expression and prediction to allow advance toxicological to another level.
微生物生态毒理学作为一门新兴的研究学科
微生物在生态系统元素的循环中发挥着重要作用,包括人类来源的各种化学污染物。生态系统中的这些污染物,特别是水生污染物,以及沉积物和土壤中的污染物,具有不同的物理和化学形式,与沉积物和土壤的无机和有机成分有关,导致它们对微生物的同化和转化作用各不相同。要全面了解它们在环境中的物理和化学状态,就需要了解微生物的生物可利用污染物浓度和代谢能力的详细信息,以有意义地评估这些污染物的生态和环境毒性。除了作为分解者的主要作用外,微生物有资格成为环境污染、污染物生态健康和生态毒性的敏感指标,因为它们的生成时间非常短,对化学污染物的反应速度比高等和大型生物快。当用于同一菌株的测试时,不同的实验室可以产生高可重复性的结果,以便对可行的数据进行比较,更不用说降低成本了。基于基因组学分析和生物信息学的最新进展,微生物基因组可以很容易地与现有技术进行组装,以提供有用的转录组学和代谢注释、表达和预测,从而将毒理学提升到另一个水平。
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来源期刊
Applied Environmental Biotechnology
Applied Environmental Biotechnology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2
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