Brief history of THz and IR technologies

IF 1.1 Q4 QUANTUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
F. Sizov
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

Brief history of terahertz (THz) and infrared (IR) science and technology, for learning lessons by historical evolution is presented and discussed identifying important (from Author’s point of view) steps for their development. THz still is the not well-known region of electro-magnetic science, even it has been lightened by starting of scientific and technological knowledge, since the end of 19 century. As concerning history of IR science and technology, it took many years since 1800 (W. Hershel) to reach the level of use that is recognized today. The link between IR and thermal science and applications was so strong that IR was for a long time synonymous of thermography. THz science and technology are showing a rapid growth. IR and, especially THz technologies, now have become one of the major fields of applied research. Nowadays, they become widely spread in their use in astrophysics, security, biomedicine, detection of hidden objects, food and art inspection, etc. The increasing requirements for fast transmission of large amounts of data will lead to the extension of operation frequencies in communications toward the THz frequency range. IR and THz medical imaging can provide guidance for surgeons in delimiting the tumor margins, help clinicians visualize diseased area, etc. A few decades ago, IR technologies were mainly the domain of military ones. In recent two decades, due to widespread of lowcost thermal uncooled arrays there were realized many IR technology advances in civil and military applications. A large amount of THz technologies mass-market applications can’t be highlighted, as these technologies do not meet yet the user requirements, especially in easiness of use and costs. Still, many of THz applications that we have now are emerging and showing their applicability in some implementations, where other methods can’t give any comprehensive information, e.g., in dry food inspection for dielectric inclusions, skin tumour margins control, THz astronomy, package and envelope inspection, etc. The brief lessons given by historical highlights in THz and IR science and applications can be important for the future developments in these directions as history frequently opens routes for new thinking. In this brief review, the missed important steps can happen. Author apologizes for these possible faults.
太赫兹和红外技术简史
介绍和讨论了太赫兹(THz)和红外(IR)科学技术的简史,以便从历史演变中吸取教训,并确定了它们发展的重要步骤(从作者的角度来看)。自19世纪末以来,太赫兹辐射虽因科技知识的兴起而有所改善,但仍是电磁科学中鲜为人知的领域。关于红外科学技术的历史,自1800年(W. Hershel)以来,它花了很多年才达到今天公认的使用水平。红外与热科学及其应用之间的联系是如此紧密,以至于红外在很长一段时间内都是热成像的代名词。太赫兹科技正呈现出快速的发展。红外技术,特别是太赫兹技术,已经成为应用研究的主要领域之一。如今,它们在天体物理学、安防、生物医学、隐藏物体探测、食品和艺术品检验等领域得到了广泛的应用。对高速传输大量数据的需求日益增长,将导致通信工作频率向太赫兹频率范围扩展。红外和太赫兹医学成像可以指导外科医生划定肿瘤边缘,帮助临床医生观察病变区域等。几十年前,红外技术主要用于军事领域。近二十年来,由于低成本热非冷阵列的广泛应用,红外技术在民用和军事应用方面取得了很大的进步。大量太赫兹技术的大众市场应用无法得到突出,因为这些技术还不能满足用户的要求,特别是在易用性和成本方面。尽管如此,我们现在拥有的许多太赫兹应用正在出现,并显示出它们在某些实现中的适用性,而其他方法无法提供任何全面的信息,例如,在干食品中介电包裹体的检查,皮肤肿瘤边缘控制,太赫兹天文学,包装和信封检查等。太赫兹和红外科学和应用的历史亮点所提供的简短经验教训对于这些方向的未来发展非常重要,因为历史经常为新思维开辟道路。在这个简短的回顾中,遗漏的重要步骤可能会发生。作者对这些可能的错误表示歉意。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
22.20%
发文量
43
审稿时长
15 weeks
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