{"title":"Increasing trend of extreme winter warm spells in China and the intra-seasonal differences","authors":"Ting Ding, Jing Gao, Hui Gao","doi":"10.1002/asl.1179","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the daily temperature observation data at 1992 stations in China, this study investigates the intra-seasonal variations and trends of extreme warm spells during 1981–2022. The results indicate that the nationwide extreme cold and warm spells have both increased rapidly since the 21st century. However, different from cold extremes which occur evenly in winter months, the nationwide super warm spells have distinct intra-seasonal differences, with more occurrences in February. The number of nationwide extreme warm spells has increased from 8 during 1981–2001 to 14 during 2002–2022, and the intensity has also increased obviously. Due to the spatial differences, the study area is divided into three regions to reveal the detailed features. It is found that the warm spell frequencies in most of China increase from December to February while decrease in northeastern China. Results demonstrate that extreme warm spells are concentrated in late winter in most regions (stations). The significant increasing trends are widespread from northern China to most parts of southern China, and the areas with increasing trend exceeding +0.6 day/decade are concentrated in North China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Linear trends indicate that the significantly increasing trends in late winter contribute a major part to the variation in the whole winter in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Atmospheric Science Letters","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asl.1179","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Based on the daily temperature observation data at 1992 stations in China, this study investigates the intra-seasonal variations and trends of extreme warm spells during 1981–2022. The results indicate that the nationwide extreme cold and warm spells have both increased rapidly since the 21st century. However, different from cold extremes which occur evenly in winter months, the nationwide super warm spells have distinct intra-seasonal differences, with more occurrences in February. The number of nationwide extreme warm spells has increased from 8 during 1981–2001 to 14 during 2002–2022, and the intensity has also increased obviously. Due to the spatial differences, the study area is divided into three regions to reveal the detailed features. It is found that the warm spell frequencies in most of China increase from December to February while decrease in northeastern China. Results demonstrate that extreme warm spells are concentrated in late winter in most regions (stations). The significant increasing trends are widespread from northern China to most parts of southern China, and the areas with increasing trend exceeding +0.6 day/decade are concentrated in North China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Linear trends indicate that the significantly increasing trends in late winter contribute a major part to the variation in the whole winter in China.
基于中国1992年站的逐日气温观测资料,研究了1981—2022年极端暖期的季内变化和趋势。结果表明,21世纪以来,全国范围内的极端寒冷和极端温暖事件均呈快速增加趋势。然而,与冬季平均发生的极端寒冷不同,全国范围内的超级温暖现象具有明显的季节差异,2月份出现的频率更高。全国极端暖期次数由1981-2001年的8次增加到2002-2022年的14次,强度也明显增加。由于空间差异,将研究区域划分为三个区域,以揭示其详细特征。从12月到2月,中国大部分地区的暖期频率增加,东北地区的暖期频率减少。结果表明,大部分地区(站)的极端暖期集中在冬末。从华北到华南大部分地区均有显著的增加趋势,增加趋势超过+0.6 d / a的地区主要集中在华北和长江中游地区。线性趋势表明,冬末的显著增加趋势是整个冬季变化的主要原因。
期刊介绍:
Atmospheric Science Letters (ASL) is a wholly Open Access electronic journal. Its aim is to provide a fully peer reviewed publication route for new shorter contributions in the field of atmospheric and closely related sciences. Through its ability to publish shorter contributions more rapidly than conventional journals, ASL offers a framework that promotes new understanding and creates scientific debate - providing a platform for discussing scientific issues and techniques.
We encourage the presentation of multi-disciplinary work and contributions that utilise ideas and techniques from parallel areas. We particularly welcome contributions that maximise the visualisation capabilities offered by a purely on-line journal. ASL welcomes papers in the fields of: Dynamical meteorology; Ocean-atmosphere systems; Climate change, variability and impacts; New or improved observations from instrumentation; Hydrometeorology; Numerical weather prediction; Data assimilation and ensemble forecasting; Physical processes of the atmosphere; Land surface-atmosphere systems.