Noncoding RNAs and Its Implication as Biomarkers in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Analysis

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most devastating disease with higher mortality rates. It comprises several subtypes exhibiting distinct histological features and clinical staging. Despite recent advancement in understanding the biology of RCC success in treatment rates remains dismal. This may be partly due to lack of specific biomarkers for early detection/prognosis and poor clinical outcome. Noncoding protein transcripts in the genome play important role in the initiation, evolution and progression of cancer. With the advancement in genomic analysis techniques, especially next-generation sequencing, a large number of new transcripts have been discovered, leading to better understanding of coding and noncoding RNAs. In the present review, we summarize recent advancement on renal cancer associated noncoding RNAs which includes long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs for their involvement in RCC along with their clinical implication as prognostic and diagnosis biomarkers.