Modeling and Remodeling the Cell: How Digital Twins and HCMV Can Elucidate the Complex Interactions of Viral Latency, Epigenetic Regulation, and Immune Responses.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-29 DOI:10.1007/s40588-023-00201-w
Hana McMahon-Cole, Alicia Johnson, Sara Sadat Aghamiri, Tomáš Helikar, Lindsey B Crawford
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), while asymptomatic in most, causes significant complications during fetal development, following transplant or in immunosuppressed individuals. The host-virus interactions regulating viral latency and reactivation and viral control of the cellular environment (immune regulation, differentiation, epigenetics) are highly complex. Understanding these processes is essential to controlling infection and can be leveraged as a novel approach for understanding basic cell biology.

Recent findings: Immune digital twins (IDTs) are digital simulations integrating knowledge of human immunology, physiology, and patient-specific clinical data to predict individualized immune responses and targeted treatments. Recent studies used IDTs to elucidate mechanisms of T cells, dendritic cells, and epigenetic control-all key to HCMV biology.

Summary: Here, we discuss how leveraging the unique biology of HCMV and IDTs will clarify immune response dynamics, host-virus interactions, and viral latency and reactivation and serve as a powerful IDT-validation platform for individualized and holistic health management.

细胞建模和重塑:数字双胞胎和HCMV如何阐明病毒潜伏性、表观遗传学调节和免疫反应的复杂相互作用
综述目的:人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)虽然在大多数情况下没有症状,但在胎儿发育过程中、移植后或免疫抑制个体中会引起严重并发症。调节病毒潜伏和再激活的宿主-病毒相互作用以及病毒对细胞环境的控制(免疫调节、分化、表观遗传学)是高度复杂的。了解这些过程对控制感染至关重要,可以作为了解基本细胞生物学的新方法。最近的发现:免疫数字双胞胎(IDT)是一种数字模拟,集成了人类免疫学、生理学和患者特异性临床数据的知识,以预测个性化免疫反应和靶向治疗。最近的研究使用IDT来阐明T细胞、树突状细胞和表观遗传学控制的机制,这些都是HCMV生物学的关键。摘要:在这里,我们讨论了如何利用HCMV和IDT的独特生物学特性,阐明免疫反应动力学、宿主病毒相互作用、病毒潜伏和再激活,并作为一个强大的IDT验证平台,用于个性化和整体健康管理。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
1.90%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.
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