Archaeological documentation and data sharing: digital surveying and open data approach applied to archaeological fieldworks

IF 1.6 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Virtual Archaeology Review Pub Date : 2019-01-28 DOI:10.4995/VAR.2019.10377

M. Previtali, R. Valente

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引用次数: 14

Abstract

The open data paradigm is changing the research approach in many fields such as remote sensing and the social sciences. This is supported by governmental decisions and policies that are boosting the open data wave, and in this context archaeology is also affected by this new trend. In many countries, archaeological data are still protected or only limited access is allowed. However, the strong political and economic support for the publication of government data as open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field too. In order to maximize the impact of data, their technical openness is of primary importance. Indeed, since a spreadsheet is more usable than a PDF of a table, the availability of digital archaeological data, which is structured using standardised approaches, is of primary importance for the real usability of published data. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of technical usability and interoperability. Primary data is mainly acquired through the use of digital techniques (e.g. digital cameras and terrestrial laser scanning). The processing of this raw data is performed with commercial software for scan registration and image processing, allowing for a simple and semi-automated workflow. Outputs obtained from this step are then processed in modelling and drawing environments to generate digital models, both 2D and 3D. These crude geometrical data are then enriched with further information to generate a Geographic Information System (GIS) which is finally published as open data using Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards to maximise interoperability.Highlights:Open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field.The main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of interoperability.Digital acquisition techniques are used to document archaeological excavations and a Geographic Information System (GIS) is generated that is published as open data.

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考古文献和数据共享:应用于考古实地工作的数字测量和开放数据方法

开放数据范式正在改变遥感和社会科学等许多领域的研究方法。这得到了推动开放数据浪潮的政府决策和政策的支持，在这种背景下，考古学也受到了这一新趋势的影响。在许多国家，考古数据仍然受到保护，或者只允许有限的访问。然而，政府数据作为公开数据发布的强大政治和经济支持也将改变考古领域的可访问性和学科专业知识。为了最大限度地发挥数据的影响，其技术开放性至关重要。事实上，由于电子表格比表格的PDF更容易使用，因此使用标准化方法构建的数字考古数据的可用性对于已发布数据的真正可用性至关重要。在这种背景下，本文的主要目的是提出一个考古数据共享工作流程，作为具有高技术可用性和互操作性的开放数据。主要通过使用数字技术（如数码相机和地面激光扫描）获取原始数据。这些原始数据的处理是用商业软件进行的，用于扫描配准和图像处理，从而实现简单和半自动化的工作流程。然后在建模和绘图环境中处理从该步骤获得的输出，以生成2D和3D数字模型。然后用进一步的信息丰富这些粗略的几何数据，以生成地理信息系统（GIS），该系统最终使用开放地理空间联盟（OGC）标准作为开放数据发布，以最大限度地提高互操作性。亮点：开放数据将改变考古领域的可访问性和学科专业知识。本文的主要目的是提出一个考古数据共享工作流程，作为具有高度互操作性的开放数据。数字采集技术用于记录考古发掘，并生成作为开放数据发布的地理信息系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Virtual Archaeology Review ARCHAEOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

21.70%

发文量

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： Virtual Archaeology Review (VAR) aims the publication of original papers, interdisciplinary reviews and essays on the new discipline of virtual archaeology, which is continuously evolving and currently on its way to achieve scientific consolidation. In fact, Virtual Archaeology deals with the digital representation of historical heritage objects, buildings and landscapes through 3D acquisition, digital recording and interactive and immersive tools for analysis, interpretation, dissemination and communication purposes by means of multidimensional geometric properties and visual computational modelling. VAR will publish full-length original papers which reflect both current research and practice throughout the world, in order to contribute to the advancement of the new field of virtual archaeology, ranging from new ways of digital recording and documentation, advanced reconstruction and 3D modelling up to cyber-archaeology, virtual exhibitions and serious gaming. Thus acceptable material may emerge from interesting applications as well as from original developments or research. OBJECTIVES: - OFFER researchers working in the field of virtual archaeology and cultural heritage an appropriate editorial frame to publish state-of-the-art research works, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions. - GATHER virtual archaeology progresses achieved as a new international scientific discipline. - ENCOURAGE the publication of the latest, state-of-the-art, significant research and meaningful applications in the field of virtual archaeology. - ENHANCE international connections in the field of virtual archaeology and cultural heritage.