Nestin, an important marker for differentiating oligodendroglioma from astrocytic tumors

H. Abu‐Farsakh, Aseel Sbeih, Yomna Abu Farsakh, I. Sbeih
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Abstract

Nestin is an intermediate filament (IF) protein. These intermediate filament proteins are expressed mostly in neural stem cells [1-3]. Nestin is also expressed by many other stem cells and it is considered a primitive marker [4-7] . Upon differentiation, Nestin becomes down-regulated and is replaced by tissue-specific intermediate filament proteins [8]. During neuroand gliogenesis, Nestin is replaced by cell type-specific intermediate filaments, e.g. neurofilaments and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) [9]. One instance of Nestin expression in adult organisms, and perhaps that for which Nestin is best known, are the neuronal precursor cells of the subventricular zone [8,10]. Interestingly, Nestin expression is reinduced in the adult during pathological situations, such as the formation of the glial scar after CNS injury and during regeneration of injured muscle tissue [11]. Nestin expression has been extensively used as a marker for central nervous system (CNS) progenitor cells in different contexts [4]. Nestin has recently received attention as a marker for detecting newly formed endothelial cells [3,12].
巢蛋白是鉴别少突胶质细胞瘤和星形细胞瘤的重要标志物
巢蛋白是一种中间丝蛋白(IF)。这些中间丝蛋白主要在神经干细胞中表达[1-3]。Nestin也在许多其他干细胞中表达,被认为是一种原始标记物[4-7]。分化后,巢蛋白下调,被组织特异性中间丝蛋白[8]取代。在神经和胶质形成过程中,Nestin被细胞类型特异性的中间纤维取代,例如神经丝和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)[9]。Nestin在成年生物体中表达的一个例子,可能是Nestin最为人所知的,是脑室下区的神经元前体细胞[8,10]。有趣的是,在病理情况下,如中枢神经系统损伤后神经胶质瘢痕的形成和损伤肌肉组织[11]的再生过程中,Nestin的表达在成人中被重新诱导。Nestin的表达已被广泛用作中枢神经系统(CNS)祖细胞在不同环境下的标记物。近年来,Nestin作为一种检测新形成内皮细胞的标志物受到了关注[3,12]。
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