Pirates of the haemoglobin

IF 4.1 3区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Daniel Akinbosede, Robert Chizea, S. Hare
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Not all treasure is silver and gold; for pathogenic bacteria, iron is the most precious and the most pillaged of metallic elements. Iron is essential for the survival and growth of all life; however free iron is scarce for bacteria inside human hosts. As a mechanism of defence, humans have evolved ways to store iron so as to render it inaccessible for invading pathogens, such as keeping the metal bound to iron-carrying proteins. For bacteria to survive within humans, they must therefore evolve counters to this defence to compete with these proteins for iron binding, or directly steal iron from them. The most populous form of iron in humans is haem: a functionally significant coordination complex that is central to oxygen transport and predominantly bound by haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is therefore the largest source of iron in humans and, as a result, bacterial pathogens in critical need of iron have evolved complex and creative ways to acquire haem from haemoglobin. Bacteria of all cell wall types have the ability to bind haemoglobin at their cell surface, to accept the haem from it and transport this to the cytoplasm for downstream uses. This review describes the systems employed by various pathogenic bacteria to utilise haemoglobin as an iron source within human hosts and discusses their contribution to virulence.
血红蛋白海盗
并非所有的财富都是金银;对于病原菌来说,铁是最珍贵、最易被掠夺的金属元素。铁对所有生命的生存和成长至关重要;然而,人体内的细菌缺乏游离铁。作为一种防御机制,人类已经进化出储存铁的方法,使入侵的病原体无法获取铁,例如将金属与携带铁的蛋白质结合。因此,细菌要想在人类体内生存,就必须进化出对抗这种防御的物质,与这些蛋白质竞争铁结合,或者直接从中窃取铁。人类中数量最多的铁是血红素:一种功能重要的配位复合体,是氧气运输的核心,主要与血红蛋白结合。因此,血红蛋白是人类铁的最大来源,因此,急需铁的细菌病原体进化出了从血红蛋白中获取血红素的复杂而创造性的方法。所有细胞壁类型的细菌都有能力在其细胞表面结合血红蛋白,从中接受血红素并将其运输到细胞质中用于下游用途。这篇综述描述了各种致病菌利用血红蛋白作为人类宿主内铁源的系统,并讨论了它们对毒力的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Microbial Cell
Microbial Cell Multiple-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
审稿时长
12 weeks
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