What is the Effect of Topical Breast Milk Application on Umbilical Cord Separation among Healthy Newborn Babies in the Middle East?

Abstract

Umbilical cord care is variable all over the world and is informed by firm traditional practices that are passed down as culture. Breast milk has been proposed as a topical substance to the umbilicus as it is full of antibacterial properties. The analysis of four studies revealed a strong correlation between the use of topical breast milk and umbilical cord separation time among newborns in the Middle East. Comparing the results of the studies included in this review, breast milk is not only effective in shortening the separation time of the umbilical cord over dry cord care but is just as effective in reducing signs of infection as the antimicrobial chlorhexidine. These findings designate breast milk as an affordable, easy, and practical method of umbilical cord care. This is particularly useful in developing countries, where the risk of neonatal death due to infection is higher. The result is generalizable to healthy neonates born in a hospital setting, so more research about its practicality in rural areas as well as among sick neonates is suggested.