The potential use of natural expanded perlite as a flame retardant additive for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene based composites

IF 3.8 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI:10.1002/vnl.22047

Utku Çelen, Yasemin Balçik Tamer, Hale Berber

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to reveal the effect of expanded perlite (EP) additive as a flame retardant for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer based composites. Before composite preparation, fine powdered EP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Also, maleic anhydride grafted ABS (MAH-g-ABS) with a grafting degree of 3.9 wt% was synthesized and used as a polymeric compatibilizer. ABS/EP composites with different ratios of EP were prepared by a continuous one-step melt mixing method. Thermogravimetric and morphological analysis, tensile tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 vertical burning tests of the composite materials were investigated. EP significantly decreased the decomposition rate of ABS and promoted char formation. EP provided a UL-94 V-1 flammability rating with great fire resistance and self-extinguishing properties to the ABS matrix without any melt dripping. The LOI of ABS was greatly improved, reaching a value of 28.5% by adding only 5 phr EP. Zinc borate (ZB) also played a significant role in enhancing thermal stability and flame retardancy by creating a good synergism with EP. The composite containing 5 phr ZB showed a flame retardant grade of UL-94 V-0 and an LOI value of 27.5%.

Highlights

Flame retardant ABS/EP composites were successfully prepared by melt mixing.
The EP ratio of 10 phr provided the highest resistance to flammability.
ZB showed good synergy with EP in enhancing the flame retardancy of ABS.
ABS/EP10/ZB-5 composite had a UL-94 V-0 rating with an LOI value of 27.0%.
This study proved the potential use of natural EP as a flame retardant filler.

Abstract Image

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天然膨胀珍珠岩作为丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯基复合材料阻燃添加剂的潜在用途

本研究旨在揭示膨胀珍珠岩（EP）添加剂作为丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）共聚物基复合材料的阻燃剂的作用。在复合材料制备之前，通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、x射线衍射、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜分析对细粉末EP进行了表征。此外，接枝度为3.9的马来酸酐接枝ABS（MAH‐g‐ABS）合成了wt%并用作聚合物相容剂。采用连续一步熔融混合法制备了不同EP比例的ABS/EP复合材料。研究了复合材料的热重和形态分析、拉伸试验、极限氧指数（LOI）和UL‐94垂直燃烧试验。EP显著降低了ABS的分解速率，促进了炭的形成。EP为ABS基体提供了UL‐94 V‐1易燃性评级，具有良好的耐火性和自熄性能，不会出现任何熔体滴落。ABS的LOI大大提高，仅添加5 phr EP。硼酸锌（ZB）通过与EP形成良好的协同作用，在提高热稳定性和阻燃性方面也发挥了重要作用。含有5 phr ZB的阻燃等级为UL‐94 V‐0，LOI值为27.5%。通过熔融混合成功制备了阻燃ABS/EP复合材料。EP比率为10 phr提供了最高的阻燃性。ZB与EP在提高ABS阻燃性能方面表现出良好的协同作用。ABS/EP10/ZB‐5复合材料的UL‐94 V‐0等级，LOI值为27.0%。本研究证明了天然EP作为阻燃填料的潜在用途。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.