Pengaruh Parameter Oseanografi Fisik Terhadap Indikasi Pemutihan Karang (Coral Bleaching) di Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Kapoposang Spermonde Selat Makassar
Moh. Muhaemin, Taslim Arifin, Nafisa Mahdafikia, H. Fihrin
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引用次数: 1
Abstract
Karang di Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Kapoposang terindikasi mengalami tekanan lingkungan sebagai dampak antropogenik ataupun alami. Kondisi alami yang diduga berperan terhadap kesehatan karang di kawasan tersebut adalah suhu permukaan laut (SPL), salinitas, dan arus permukaan laut (APL). Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis sebaran horizontal parameter oseanografi fisik (SPL, salinitas, dan APL) dan indikasi hubungan antara parameter tersebut dengan pemutihan karang (persentase tutupan karang, PTK). Data seri waktu SPL, salinitas, dan APL pada kurun waktu 2003-2020 dianalisis berdasarkan musim dengan menggunakan Surfer 13 untuk memperoleh pola sebaran horizontal parameter tersebut. Secara terpisah, data citra Landsat pada kurun waktu 2000, 2005, 2015 dan 2020 dianalisis dengan menggunakan Er Mapper 7.0, Envi 5.3, dan ArcGis 10.7 untuk pemetaan klasifikasi karang. Analisis spasio temporal deskriptif digunakan untuk menggambarkan variabilitas kondisi oseanografi dan indikasi hubungannya dengan pemutihan karang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SPL pada musim timur lebih tinggi dari musim barat, sedangkan salinitas dan APL di musim timur lebih rendah dari musim barat. Persentase tutupan karang hidup terhadap karang total (KH/KT) cenderung menurun pada kurun waktu 20010-2020, sedangkan persentase karang mati terhadap karang total (KM/KT) cenderung meningkat. Terdapat indikasi kuat SPL berkorelasi kuat terhadap peristiwa pemutihan karang di TWP Kapoposang. Corals at the Marine Tourism Park (MTP) of Kapoposang have been depleting by the anthropogenic or natural disaster effects. The natural phenomena which have been affecting the local corals were sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and sea surface current (SSC). The research was conducted to analyze the horizontal distribution of those oceanographic parameters and to describe relationship indication of local coral bleaching events (represented by coral coverage area, CCA). The horizontal monsoonal distribution pattern of SST, salinity, and SSC data series (2003 to 2020) were analyzed by using Surfer ver13. In addition, the CCA’s distinct Landsat imagery data (2000, 2005, 2015, and 2020) was analyzed by using Er Mapper ver 7.0, Envi ver 5.3, and ArcGis ver 10.7 softwares. Generally, the descriptive spacious-temporal data analysis was used to describe the variability of monsoonal oceanographic conditions (related to regional oceanographic phenomena) and its indication relationship with local coral bleaching events. The result showed that SST in east season was tend to higher than SST in west season; whereas salinity and SSC in east season were tend to lower than those in west season. The life and total CCA ratio (KH/KT) had different trend in which compared with the death and total CCA ratio (KM/KT). Respectively, the SST had close relationship with local coral bleaching events in MTP of Kapoposang.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Marine Research publishes peer-reviewed research articles covering a broad array of topics in physical, biological and chemical oceanography. Articles that deal with processes, as well as those that report significant observations, are welcome. In the area of biology, studies involving coupling between ecological and physical processes are preferred over those that report systematics. Authors benefit from thorough reviews of their manuscripts, where an attempt is made to maximize clarity. The time between submission and publication is kept to a minimum; there is no page charge.