Contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in industrial pig farm and measures to control them

Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI:10.31016/1998-8435-2021-15-3-64-70

A. Novikov, A. Kryazhev

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Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in industrial pig farm; desinfection against exogenous stages of Cryptosporidium spp. using Kenocox.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on the basis of an industrial pig breeding complex in the Cherepovets district of the Vologda region in a pigsty for 120 heads, divided into 2 sectors, as well as in a pigsty for weaning pigs and a fattening pigsty for 1500 and 2000 heads respectively. For this, scrapings were taken from the floors of the pens, walkways, and walls of feeders and examined them for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. Then, in the nursery after transferring the piglets to the rearing section, desinfection was carried out. One sector was treated with Kenocox at a dose of 0.5 L per 1 m2 with an exposure of 2 hours, the other sector – with a hot 4% sodium hydroxide solution at a rate of 1 L per 1 m2 with an exposure of 3 hours. One day after the treatment, the oocyst contamination of Cryptosporidium spp. in environmental objects in both sectors was re-examined.Results and discussion. The highest contamination of environmental objects with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts (floors and walls of pens, feeders, floors of aisles) was found in the brood pigsty, where all the examined objects were contaminated to varying degrees (19.4%). With an increase in the age of piglets and their transfer to pigsties for weaners, and later on for rearing, there is a decrease in the contamination of the premises in which these age groups of animals are kept (10.0 and 2.5% respectively). With the desinfection of the queen-shed, as the most contaminated by oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. from the pig-breeding premises we examined, a significant effect was achieved with the use of Kenocox. Sodium hydroxide solution was found to be ineffective against Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts.

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工业化养猪场隐孢子虫卵囊污染环境物及防治措施

本研究的目的是研究工业养猪场隐孢子虫卵囊对环境物体的污染；使用Kenocox对隐孢子虫外源阶段的灭活。材料和方法。这些研究是在沃洛格达地区Cherepovets区的一个工业养猪综合体的基础上进行的，该养猪场可容纳120头猪，分为两个部分，以及断奶猪的猪圈和分别可容纳1500头和2000头的育肥猪圈。为此，从围栏的地板、人行道和喂食器的墙壁上取下碎屑，检查是否存在隐孢子虫卵囊。然后，在将仔猪转移到饲养区后的苗圃中进行灭活。一个部分用Kenocox处理，剂量为0.5 L/1 m2，暴露时间为2小时，另一个部分——用4%氢氧化钠热溶液处理，速率为1 L/1 m2。暴露时间为3小时。在处理后的一天，对两个部门的环境对象中隐孢子虫的卵囊污染进行了重新检查。结果和讨论。隐孢子虫对环境物体的污染最高。卵囊（围栏的地板和墙壁、喂食器、过道的地板）是在育肥猪圈中发现的，所有被检查的物体都受到了不同程度的污染（19.4%）。随着仔猪年龄的增加，它们被转移到断奶仔猪的猪圈，以及后来的饲养，饲养这些年龄组动物的场所的污染有所减少（分别为10.0%和2.5%）。在我们检查的养猪场中，皇后棚是受隐孢子虫卵囊污染最严重的地方。在对其进行消毒后，使用Kenocox取得了显著效果。氢氧化钠溶液被发现对隐孢子虫卵囊无效。

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Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal

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8 weeks