Phytochemical Screening Extract of Canna edulis K. by Using Gass Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Canna edulis K. is a tuberous crop containing starch that is frequently consumed as food. Due to the phytochemical content of canna tubers, several studies have demonstrated the use of canna tuber as an antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective agent. This study aims to quantitatively determine the phytochemical content of distilled water extract and ethanol extract of canna tuber, as previous research has only provided qualitative results. Old-red canna tubers were extracted using maceration and freeze-drying techniques. Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), the extraction results with two different solvent types were analyzed. According to the GC-MS results, the ethanol extract represented 32 phytochemical compounds, more abundant than the distilled water extract (16 compounds). The terpenoid compound tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane can be extracted with both ethanol and distilled water solvents, whereas the polysaccharide compounds D-Mannitol, 2-Deoxy-D-ribose, and d-Mannose can only be extracted with ethanol solvent. The results of the phytochemical analysis of canna tuber extract are expected to be utilized as pharmaceuticals or alternative food ingredients.