Use of Anthropogenic Nest Materials by Black-crested Titmice Along an Urban Gradient

IF 0.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Madi P. Vasquez, Rebekah J. Rylander, Jacquelyn M Tleimat, S. Fritts
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Numerous avian species use anthropogenic materials in constructing nests, particularly in urbanized environments. Anthropogenic materials, including plastics, have been demonstrated to have both beneficial and harmful effects on survival and reproduction. During the spring of 2018, we collected 45 Black-crested Titmouse Baeolophus atricristatus nests in San Marcos, TX, U.S. with two objectives: 1) assess and compare the mass and proportion of nest materials along an urban gradient, and 2) examine the relationship between nest materials, clutch size, and hatching success. We categorized each nest based on collection location as either urban, residential, park or rural and separated nest materials into six categories: leaves, snakeskin, twigs, moss, plastic, and non-plastic artificial materials. We then compared raw mass and proportion of mass of each nest material among urbanization categories. Nests in the urban category were 1.6-1.9 times lighter in mass than nests in other locations along the urban gradient (p = 0.01) and contained 4-5 times greater proportion, but not mass, of plastic compared to nests in all other locations. Nests in residential areas contained the greatest mass of combined anthropogenic materials. Neither clutch size nor hatching success differed based on urbanization category, nest mass, or proportions of anthropogenic or natural nest materials. The differences in mass of nests and increased proportion of plastics could have been due to a lack of natural nesting materials however, we did not estimate availability of nesting materials at any location. Results add to the growing literature that the use of anthropogenic materials in nests varies across an urban gradient, and the effect of anthropogenic materials on nesting parameters varies among species.
黑冠山雀沿城市梯度使用人为筑巢材料
许多鸟类在筑巢时使用人为材料,特别是在城市化环境中。包括塑料在内的人为材料已被证明对生存和繁殖既有有益影响,也有有害影响。2018年春季,我们在美国德克萨斯州圣马科斯收集了45个黑冠山雀的巢,目的有两个:1)评估和比较沿城市梯度的巢材质量和比例,2)研究巢材、窝卵大小和孵化成功之间的关系。我们根据收集地点将每个巢穴分为城市、住宅、公园或农村,并将巢穴材料分为六类:树叶、蛇皮、树枝、苔藓、塑料和非塑料人造材料。然后,我们比较了城市化类别中每种巢材料的原始质量和质量比例。城市类巢穴的质量是城市梯度上其他位置巢穴的1.6-1.9倍(p=0.01),与所有其他位置的巢穴相比,塑料的比例(但不是质量)高4-5倍。居住区的巢穴含有最大质量的人类活动物质。根据城市化类别、巢穴质量或人为或自然巢穴材料的比例,窝的大小和孵化成功率都不同。巢穴质量的差异和塑料比例的增加可能是由于缺乏天然的筑巢材料,然而,我们没有估计任何位置的筑巢材料的可用性。研究结果补充了越来越多的文献,即人类活动物质在巢穴中的使用在城市梯度上各不相同,人类活动物质对巢穴参数的影响因物种而异。
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来源期刊
Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management
Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ECOLOGY
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management encourages submission of original, high quality, English-language scientific papers on the practical application and integration of science to conservation and management of native North American fish, wildlife, plants and their habitats in the following categories: Articles, Notes, Surveys and Issues and Perspectives. Papers that do not relate directly to native North American fish, wildlife plants or their habitats may be considered if they highlight species that are closely related to, or conservation issues that are germane to, those in North America.
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