SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF THERMODYNAMIC INEQUALITIES

IF 0.9 Q4 THERMODYNAMICS

International Journal of Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI:10.5541/IJOT.874737

V. Etkin

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

It is shown that the combined equation of the 1st and 2nd principles of classical thermodynamics does not transform into inequality in the case of irreversible processes, if the external energy exchange of the system is expressed in terms of energy carrier flows. This means that thermodynamic inequalities are generated by attempts to take into account the irreversibility of real (non-static) processes, without taking into account explicitly its reasons - the inhomogeneity of the system and the presence of internal sources not only for entropy, but also for other parameters. On this basis, exact expressions of heat and work in open nonequilibrium systems, as well as their dissipative function, are obtained. The physical meaning of entropy as a thermal impulse and the unprovability of the principle of its increase in the framework of equilibrium systems are revealed. Non-entropy criteria for evolution are proposed and the latter is shown to be incompatible not only with the second law of thermodynamics, but also with the laws of conservation of energy carriers. The elimination of thermodynamic inequalities opens up the possibility of applying the equations of thermodynamics, taking into account energy dissipation, to other fundamental disciplines.

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热力学不等式问题的求解

结果表明，如果系统的外部能量交换用能量载体流表示，在不可逆过程的情况下，经典热力学第一原理和第二原理的组合方程不会转化为不等式。这意味着热力学不等式是通过试图考虑真实（非静态）过程的不可逆性而产生的，而没有明确考虑其原因——系统的不均匀性和内部来源的存在——不仅是熵，还有其他参数。在此基础上，得到了开放非平衡系统中热和功的精确表达式及其耗散函数。揭示了熵作为热脉冲的物理意义，以及在平衡系统框架下熵增加原理的不可证明性。提出了演化的非熵准则，证明后者不仅与热力学第二定律不相容，而且与能量载流子守恒定律不相容。热力学不等式的消除为将考虑能量耗散的热力学方程应用于其他基础学科开辟了可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Thermodynamics THERMODYNAMICS-

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

12.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： The purpose and scope of the International Journal of Thermodynamics is · to provide a forum for the publication of original theoretical and applied work in the field of thermodynamics as it relates to systems, states, processes, and both non-equilibrium and equilibrium phenomena at all temporal and spatial scales. · to provide a multidisciplinary and international platform for the dissemination to academia and industry of both scientific and engineering contributions, which touch upon a broad class of disciplines that are foundationally linked to thermodynamics and the methods and analyses derived there from. · to assess how both the first and particularly the second laws of thermodynamics touch upon these disciplines. · to highlight innovative & pioneer research in the field of thermodynamics in the following subjects (but not limited to the following, novel research in new areas are strongly suggested): o Entropy in thermodynamics and information theory. o Thermodynamics in process intensification. o Biothermodynamics (topics such as self-organization far from equilibrium etc.) o Thermodynamics of nonadditive systems. o Nonequilibrium thermal complex systems. o Sustainable design and thermodynamics. o Engineering thermodynamics. o Energy.