Adaptation and Validation of the Person-Centred Assessment Tool for the Acute Care Setting

Abstract

Introduction: Person-centred care (PCC) is synonymous with best practice in the care of persons with dementia. Despite this, PCC is not routinely assessed, and there is no validated tool for in the acute care setting. We aimed to validate the Person-Centred Assessment Tool (P-CAT) in an acute setting. Methods: P-CAT was administered independently to a total of 161 nurses (n = 16, from a specialized dementia unit with PCC training; n = 116, geriatric wards; n = 30, medical/surgical wards). The word “residents” was replaced with “patients” in P-CAT. We employed confirmatory factor analysis with principal component extraction to verify the previously reported three- and two-factor solutions. A one-way between-groups ANOVA was then used to investigate group differences in the P-CAT score (total scale and subscale). Results: Factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution (explained variance 42.28%): (i) extent of personalizing care and (ii) amount of organizational and environmental support. Out of the 13 items, only 2 items did not load as expected. The internal consistency reliability of the scale was satisfactory (Cronbach’s α = 0.77). Nurses’ P-CAT scores were significantly different across ward settings [Welch’s F(2,37.20) = 13.01, p < 0.001, ω2 = 0.09], with the highest among those PCC trained. Post hoc analyses revealed a significant difference in mean subscale scores between PCC-trained nurses and nurses from the other two ward settings. P-CAT scores were not significantly correlated with age, r(159) = 0.01, p = 0.861, or with nursing experience, r(159) = 0.04, p = 0.615. Discussion/Conclusion: P-CAT possesses adequate validity and reliability as a quantitative assessment tool of PCC in the acute care setting.