Hostile Sexism, Benevolent Sexism, and American Elections

IF 3.1 2区社会学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Politics & Gender Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI:10.1017/S1743923X22000010

Nicholas J. G. Winter

引用次数: 5

Abstract

Abstract Analyzing unique, nationally representative data, I show that two faces of sexism—hostile and benevolent—operate in systematically different ways to shape Americans’ electoral decisions and evaluations of their leaders. In the 2016 presidential election, both fostered support for Donald Trump and opposition to Hillary Clinton. They operated differently at the congressional level, however. In analyses of actual congressional candidates and in a conjoint experiment, the impact of hostile sexism is moderated by candidate sex: those high in hostile sexism oppose (and those low in hostile sexism favor) female candidates. Benevolent sexism is moderated by candidates’ symbolically gendered leadership styles: those high in benevolent sexism oppose candidates with feminine styles and favor candidates with masculine styles, regardless of whether the candidate is male or female. I conclude with discussion of the implications of the two faces of sexism for the role of gender and power in American elections.

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敌意性别歧视、善意性别歧视与美国大选

摘要通过分析独特的、具有全国代表性的数据，我发现性别歧视的两面性——敌对和仁慈——以系统性的不同方式影响着美国人的选举决策和对其领导人的评价。在2016年的总统选举中，两人都支持唐纳德·特朗普，反对希拉里·克林顿。然而，他们在国会层面的运作方式不同。在对实际国会候选人的分析和一项联合实验中，敌对性别歧视的影响受到候选人性别的调节：敌对性别歧视程度高的人反对（而敌对性别歧视水平低的人支持）女性候选人。仁慈的性别歧视受到候选人象征性的性别领导风格的调节：那些仁慈的性别主义者反对女性风格的候选人，而支持男性风格的候选人——无论候选人是男性还是女性。最后，我讨论了性别歧视的两面性对性别和权力在美国选举中的作用的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Politics & Gender Multiple-

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Politics & Gender is an agenda-setting journal that publishes the highest quality scholarship on gender and politics and on women and politics. It aims to represent the full range of questions, issues, and approaches on gender and women across the major subfields of political science, including comparative politics, international relations, political theory, and U.S. politics. The Editor welcomes studies that address fundamental questions in politics and political science from the perspective of gender difference, as well as those that interrogate and challenge standard analytical categories and conventional methodologies.Members of the Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association receive the journal as a benefit of membership.