The Effects of Costus speciosus Root Extract on Cultured Human Lung Cancer Cells, A549

Abstract

Cancer has become one of the most common clinical reasons of death all over the world, with more than nine million deaths each year. Throughout the history, many traditional plants have been used to treat various types of cancers. The scientifically researched anticancer plants, with over 3000 species are novel candidates for anticancer drugs, because more than 80% of society believes in traditional medicine as its cure. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Costus speciosus root extract on human lung cancer (LC) cells (A549). Treatment of (A549) cells with ethyl acetate Costus root extract significantly lowered the cell viability. IC50 was calculated, after 24, 48 and72 h, with concentration of 25, 40, 70 and 100 μg/100μl. The MTT assay was used to test the viability of the cells. The effect of (EACR) on cell adhesion and migration was demonstrated in a wound healing assay, mitochondrial membrane potential was detected in a JC-1 assay, and DNA damage and repair were demonstrated in a comet assay. There was a noticeable reduction in (LC) development. Experiments underlying the anti-cancer activity of (EACR) on (A549) cells may be regarded as one of the most promising targets for novel cancer treatment strategies (LC).