Metamorphosis Imposes Variable Constraints on Genome Expansion through Effects on Development

IF 2.2 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Rachel L Mueller, C. Cressler, Rachel S Schwarz, Rebecca A Chong, Marguerite A Butler
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Genome size varies ~ 100,000-fold across eukaryotes and has long been hypothesized to be influenced by metamorphosis in animals. Transposable element accumulation has been identified as a major driver of increase, but the nature of constraints limiting the size of genomes has remained unclear, even as traits such as cell size and rate of development co-vary strongly with genome size. Salamanders, which possess diverse metamorphic and non-metamorphic life histories, have the largest vertebrate genomes — 3 to 40 times that of humans — as well as the largest range of variation in genome size. We tested 13 biologically-inspired hypotheses exploring how the form of metamorphosis imposes varying constraints on genome expansion in a broadly representative phylogeny containing 118 species of salamanders. We show that metamorphosis during which animals undergo the most extensive and synchronous remodeling imposes the most severe constraint against genome expansion, with the severity of constraint decreasing with reduced extent and synchronicity of remodeling. More generally, our work demonstrates the potential for broader interpretation of phylogenetic comparative analysis in exploring the balance of multiple evolutionary pressures shaping phenotypic evolution.
变态通过对发育的影响对基因组扩展施加可变约束
基因组大小在真核生物中相差约10万倍,长期以来一直假设受到动物变态的影响。转座因子积累已被确定为增加的主要驱动因素,但限制基因组大小的约束性质仍不清楚,即使细胞大小和发育速度等性状与基因组大小密切相关。蝾螈拥有不同的变质和非变质生命史,拥有最大的脊椎动物基因组——是人类的3到40倍——以及最大的基因组大小变异范围。我们测试了13个受生物学启发的假设,探索在包含118种蝾螈的广泛代表性系统发育中,变态的形式如何对基因组扩展施加不同的限制。我们发现,在动物经历最广泛和同步重塑的变态过程中,对基因组扩展施加了最严重的约束,约束的严重程度随着重塑的程度和同步性的降低而降低。更一般地说,我们的工作证明了在探索形成表型进化的多种进化压力的平衡方面,系统发育比较分析的更广泛解释的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
48
审稿时长
20 weeks
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