Weed control and selectivity of different pre-emergence active ingredients in a soybean crop

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Agronomia Colombiana Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI:10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n3.96334

Marcelo Feitosa da Silva, J. Furtado, Janine Quadros Castro, Iasmim Leite dos Santos, E. Almeida, Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira, Washington da Silva Sousa, Rodolfo César de Albuquerque Araújo

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Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of different pre-emergence active ingredients on the suppression of the weed seed bank and the growth of soybeans. The experiments were carried out on a commercial farm located in Brejo (MA, Brazil), during the 2019/2020 harvest. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks with nine treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of control (without pre-emergence application), s-metolachlor, flumioxazin + imazethapyr, flumioxazin, imazethapyr, trifluralin, diclosulam, diclosulam + imazethapyr, and clomazone + carfentrazone-ethyl. Phytosociological surveys were carried out in pre- and post-planting (10 and 36 d after application - DAA) to control weed competition. Nineteen species of weeds were identified, distributed in 17 genera and 13 botanical families. The species Scoparia dulcis, Richardia scabra, and Cyperus iria exhibited the highest phytosociological indices (123.77, 28.62, and 28.29, respectively), estimated at 36 DAA. Flumioxazin and diclosulam were the most efficient in suppressing weed competition, with only 15.63 and 16.13 plants m-2. The highest phytotoxicity scores (3.0) were found at 10 DAA with the application of s-metolachlor, flumioxazin + imazethapyr, trifluralin, and diclosulam + imazethapyr. The pre-emergent control using flumioxazin and diclosulam is recommended for the edaphoclimatic conditions in the Eastern mesoregion of the state of Maranhão, Brazil.

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大豆不同出苗前活性成分对杂草的控制和选择性

本研究旨在分析不同出苗前活性成分对大豆杂草种子库和生长的抑制作用。实验于2019/2020年收获期间在位于布雷霍(MA，巴西)的一个商业农场进行。试验采用随机分组设计，共9个处理，4个重复。处理包括对照(未苗头前施用)、s-甲草胺、氟恶嗪+马马塞韦、氟恶嗪、马马塞韦、三氟灵、双氯舒兰、双氯舒兰+马马塞韦和氯丙酮+卡芬曲酮乙基。为了控制杂草竞争，在种植前后(施用DAA后10 d和36 d)进行了植物社会学调查。共鉴定杂草19种，隶属13科17属。植物社会学指数最高的种是杜鹃花(Scoparia dulcis)、黄理花(Richardia scabra)和鸢尾花(Cyperus iria)，分别为123.77、28.62和28.29，估计为36 DAA。氟咪唑嗪和双氯磺胺抑制杂草竞争的效果最好，分别为15.63株和16.13株m-2。s-甲草胺、氟恶嗪+马西帕、三氟拉林和双氯舒兰+马西帕的植物毒性评分在10 DAA时最高，为3.0分。建议在巴西maranh州中东部地区的恶劣气候条件下使用氟恶嗪和双氯磺胺进行应急前控制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Agronomia Colombiana Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

25 weeks

期刊介绍： Agronomia Colombiana journal it is intended to transfer research results in different areas of tropical agronomy. Original unpublished papers are therefore accepted in the following areas: physiology, crop nutrition and fertilization, genetics and plant breeding, entomology, phytopathology, integrated crop protection, agro ecology, weed science, environmental management, geomatics, biometry, soils, water and irrigation, agroclimatology and climate change, post-harvest and agricultural industrialization, food technology, rural and agricultural entrepreneurial development, agrarian economy, and agricultural marketing (Published: Quarterly).