ModE-Sim – a medium-sized atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) ensemble to study climate variability during the modern era (1420 to 2009)

IF 4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Geoscientific Model Development Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI:10.5194/gmd-16-4853-2023

R. Hand, Eric Samakinwa, Laura Lipfert, S. Brönnimann

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. We introduce ModE-Sim (Modern Era SIMulations), a medium-sized ensemble of simulations with the atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM6 in its LR (low-resolution) version (T63; approx. 1.8∘ horizontal grid width with 47 vertical levels). At the lower boundary we use prescribed sea surface temperatures and sea ice that reflect observed values while accounting for uncertainties in these. Furthermore we use radiative forcings that also reflect observed values while accounting for uncertainties in the timing and strength of volcanic eruptions. The simulations cover the period from 1420 to 2009. With 60 ensemble members between 1420 and 1850 and 36 ensemble members from 1850 to 2009, ModE-Sim consists of 31 620 simulated years in total. ModE-Sim is suitable for many applications as its various subsets can be used as initial-condition and boundary-condition ensembles to study climate variability. The main intention of this paper is to give a comprehensive description of the experimental setup of ModE-Sim and to provide an evaluation, mainly focusing on the two key variables, 2 m temperature and precipitation. We demonstrate ModE-Sim's ability to represent their mean state, to produce a reasonable response to external forcings, and to sample internal variability. Through the example of heat waves, we show that the ensemble is even capable of capturing certain types of extreme events.

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ModE-Sim -一个用于研究近代(1420 - 2009)气候变率的中型大气环流模式(AGCM)集合

摘要我们介绍了ModE-Sim(现代时代模拟)，这是一个中等规模的模拟集合，大气环流模式ECHAM6在其LR(低分辨率)版本(T63;约。1.8°水平栅格宽度，垂直栅格有47层)。在较低的边界，我们使用反映观测值的规定的海面温度和海冰，同时考虑其中的不确定性。此外，我们使用的辐射强迫也反映观测值，同时考虑到火山喷发时间和强度的不确定性。模拟涵盖了从1420年到2009年的这段时间。在1420 - 1850年期间有60个小组成员，在1850 - 2009年期间有36个小组成员，ModE-Sim共包含31 620个模拟年。由于ModE-Sim的各种子集可以作为初始条件和边界条件集合来研究气候变率，因此适用于许多应用。本文的主要目的是对ModE-Sim的实验设置进行全面描述，并提供评估，主要关注两个关键变量，2 m温度和降水。我们展示了ModE-Sim能够表示它们的平均状态，对外部强迫产生合理的响应，并对内部变异性进行采样。通过热浪的例子，我们表明这个集合甚至能够捕捉到某些类型的极端事件。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Geoscientific Model Development GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

9.80%

发文量

352

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Geoscientific Model Development (GMD) is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of the description, development, and evaluation of numerical models of the Earth system and its components. The following manuscript types can be considered for peer-reviewed publication: * geoscientific model descriptions, from statistical models to box models to GCMs; * development and technical papers, describing developments such as new parameterizations or technical aspects of running models such as the reproducibility of results; * new methods for assessment of models, including work on developing new metrics for assessing model performance and novel ways of comparing model results with observational data; * papers describing new standard experiments for assessing model performance or novel ways of comparing model results with observational data; * model experiment descriptions, including experimental details and project protocols; * full evaluations of previously published models.