Clinical Outcomes after Immunotherapies in Cancer Setting during COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression

Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI:10.3390/reports5030031

M. Kamal, M. Baudo, J. Joseph, Yimin Geng, A. Qdaisat

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Abstract

Background: This study aims to describe COVID-19–related clinical outcomes after immunotherapies (ICIs) for cancer patients. Methods: In this meta-analysis, we searched databases to collect data that addressed outcomes after immunotherapies (ICIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary endpoint was COVID-19–related mortality. Secondary endpoints included COVID-related hospital readmission, emergency room (ER) visits, opportunistic infections, respiratory complications, need for ventilation, and thrombo-embolic events. Pooled event rates (PERs) were calculated and a meta-regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 262 studies were identified. Twenty-two studies with a total of forty-four patients were eligible. The PER of COVID-19–related mortality was 39.73%, while PERs of COVID-19–related ER visits, COVID-19–related pulmonary complications, and COVID-19–related ventilator needs were 40.75%, 40.41%, and 34.92%, respectively. The PER of opportunistic infections was 34.92%. The PERs of the use of antivirals, antibiotics, steroids, prophylactic anticoagulants, and convalescent plasma were 62.12%, 57.12%, 51.36%, 41.90%, and 26.48%, respectively. There was a trend toward an association between previous respiratory diseases and COVID-19–related mortality. Conclusion: The rates of COVID-19–related mortality, ER visits, pulmonary complications, need for a ventilator, and opportunistic infections are still high after ICIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a trend toward an association between previous respiratory diseases and COVID-19–related mortality.

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2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)时期癌症患者免疫治疗后的临床结果:系统回顾和meta回归

背景：本研究旨在描述癌症患者免疫疗法（ICIs）后与新冠肺炎相关的临床结果。方法：在这项荟萃分析中，我们搜索数据库，收集新冠肺炎大流行期间免疫疗法（ICIs）后的结果数据。主要终点为新冠肺炎相关死亡率。次要终点包括新冠肺炎相关的再次入院、急诊室就诊、机会性感染、呼吸道并发症、通气需求和血栓栓塞事件。计算合并事件发生率（PER），并进行元回归分析。结果：共确定了262项研究。22项研究共有44名患者符合条件。新冠肺炎相关死亡率的PER为39.73%，而新冠肺炎相关急诊就诊、新冠肺炎相关肺部并发症和新冠肺炎相关呼吸机需求的PER分别为40.75%、40.41%和34.92%。机会性感染的PER为34.92%。使用抗病毒药物、抗生素、类固醇、预防性抗凝剂和恢复期血浆的PER分别为62.12%、57.12%、51.36%、41.90%和26.48%。以前的呼吸道疾病与新冠肺炎相关死亡率之间存在关联的趋势。结论：在新冠肺炎大流行期间，ICIs后，COVID-19]相关死亡率、急诊就诊、肺部并发症、呼吸机需求和机会性感染的发生率仍然很高。以前的呼吸道疾病与新冠肺炎相关死亡率之间存在关联的趋势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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