在AI醫生和病人之間——人工智能診斷技術的內在邏輯及其對病人主體性建構的影響

IF 0.1 4区 哲学 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
G. Cheng, Xiaoxi Wu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.近年來,人工智能(AI)技術在醫療領域中的應用探索十分活躍,AI診斷又是其中的關注焦點。它可以使診斷更加高效和準確,從而在整體上改善醫療診斷品質,提高醫療資源的供给效率和公平性。不論從AI診斷發展的技術邏輯還是西方現代醫學診斷思維來看,從智慧助手發展到AI醫生都具有一定的合理性與必然性。但這一技術具有其内在局限,即使已經發展到理想狀態,AI醫生也不能完全取代醫生,它能輔助醫生和患者更充分地發揮各自的能動性,卻有可能傷害醫患互動的關鍵内核:意義生成和人格構建。如何在充分利用AI診斷醫生的效率的同時避免其有可能帶來的負面影響,人們需要對AI診斷技術發展的底層邏輯提供足夠有力的理論拮抗,而不是停留在技術所限定好的語境中解決那些具體的問題。本文提出,有必要引入中國傳統醫學的診斷思維和儒家“成人”理論,作為針對西方現代醫學觀念和現代主體性哲學發起反思的重要理論資源,並在此基礎上重新審視技術與人文的關係。Applying AI in medical contexts, especially for diagnosis, has become very popular in recent years. AI has the potential to make diagnosis more efficient and accurate, improving the overall quality of medical diagnosis and making medical provisions fairer and more effective. Combining the logic of AI with that of modern Western medical diagnosis, it is to some extent intuitive to imagine AI physicians. However, even in its ideal form, AI technology has intrinsic limitations that will prevent it from completely replacing physicians. Although AI can help physicians and patients to develop their own agency, it may strike at the core of physician–patient interaction: generating meaning and constructing personhood/subjectivity. How can we make best use of the efficiency of AI diagnosis while avoiding its potential negative influence? There needs to be a powerful theoretical rejoinder to the fundamental logic of AI diagnosis. It is not enough to deal with specific issues within the realm already delimited by AI diagnosis technology. This paper highlights the need to incorporate the way of thinking of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and the Confucian theory of “the way of becoming a person.” Both are important theoretical resources that can be used to counterbalance the way of thinking of modern Western medicine and modern Western philosophy, which emphasize subjectivity. On this basis, the relationship between technology and the humanities can be re-examined.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 65 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
在AI医生和病人之间——人工智能诊断技术的内在逻辑及其对病人主体性建构的影响
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese;abstract also in English.近年来,人工智能(AI)技术在医疗领域中的应用探索十分活跃,AI诊断又是其中的关注焦点。它可以使诊断更加高效和准确,从而在整体上改善医疗诊断质量,提高医疗资源的供给效率和公平性。不论从AI诊断发展的技术逻辑还是西方现代医学诊断思维来看,从智慧助手发展到AI医生都具有一定的合理性与必然性。但这一技术具有其内在局限,即使已经发展到理想状态,AI医生也不能完全取代医生,它能辅助医生和患者更充分地发挥各自的能动性,却有可能伤害医患互动的关键内核:意义生成和人格构建。如何在充分利用AI诊断医生的效率的同时避免其有可能带来的负面影响,人们需要对AI诊断技术发展的底层逻辑提供足够有力的理论拮抗,而不是停留在技术所限定好的语境中解决那些具体的问题。本文提出,有必要引入中国传统医学的诊断思维和儒家“成人”理论,作为针对西方现代医学观念和现代主体性哲学发起反思的重要理论资源,并在此基础上重新审视技术与人文的关系。Applying AI in medical contexts,especially for diagnosis,has become very popular in recent years.AI has the potential to make diagnosis more efficient and accurate,improving the overall quality of medical diagnosis and making medical provisions fairer and more effective.Combining the logic of AI with that of modern Western medical diagnosis,it is to some extent intuitive to imagine AI physicians.However,even in its ideal form,AI technology has intrinsic limitations that will prevent it from completely replacing physicians.Although AI can help physicians and patients to develop their own agency,it may strike at the core of physician–patient interaction: generating meaning and constructing personhood/subjectivity.How can we make best use of the efficiency of AI diagnosis while avoiding its potential negative influence?There needs to be a powerful theoretical rejoinder to the fundamental logic of AI diagnosis.It is not enough to deal with specific issues within the realm already delimited by AI diagnosis technology.This paper highlights the need to incorporate the way of thinking of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and the Confucian theory of“the way of becoming a person.”Both are important theoretical resources that can be used to counterbalance the way of thinking of modern Western medicine and modern Western philosophy,which emphasize subjectivity.On this basis,the relationship between technology and the humanities can be re-examined.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 65 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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