How molecular diagnostics help us to correctly identify pet allergies

Q3 Medicine
Wolfgang Hemmer PhD
{"title":"How molecular diagnostics help us to correctly identify pet allergies","authors":"Wolfgang Hemmer PhD","doi":"10.1007/s40629-023-00255-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Summary</h2><div><p>Simultaneous sensitization to two or more animal species is common and represents a regular diagnostic problem during conventional extract-based allergy diagnosis. The use of single allergen molecules reveals the underlying cause of polysensitization and enables the distinction between primary sensitization and cross-reaction as a prerequisite for the selection of appropriate immunotherapy vaccines. Individual sensitization patterns can be valuable predictors of clinical relevance, symptom severity and asthma risk, and in part reflect current or past animal exposure. The concept of “marker allergens” is challenging in the case of pet allergies because many animal allergens are ubiquitous pan-allergens limiting the definition of group-specific markers. Alternatively, quantitative aspects often have to be used to identify the primary sensitizers. A sufficient number of allergen molecules is now available from cat and dog to unravel the many cases of cat–dog double sensitization. There are still substantial diagnostic gaps concerning allergens from small animals and farm animals, or such allergens are only available for multiplex testing. The lipocalins, a particularly species-rich and heterogeneous allergen family comprising important major and minor allergens from virtually all furry animals, show complex cross-reactivity patterns with each other and have been recently identified as a major cause of polysensitization.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":37457,"journal":{"name":"Allergo Journal International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40629-023-00255-8.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Allergo Journal International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-023-00255-8","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Summary

Simultaneous sensitization to two or more animal species is common and represents a regular diagnostic problem during conventional extract-based allergy diagnosis. The use of single allergen molecules reveals the underlying cause of polysensitization and enables the distinction between primary sensitization and cross-reaction as a prerequisite for the selection of appropriate immunotherapy vaccines. Individual sensitization patterns can be valuable predictors of clinical relevance, symptom severity and asthma risk, and in part reflect current or past animal exposure. The concept of “marker allergens” is challenging in the case of pet allergies because many animal allergens are ubiquitous pan-allergens limiting the definition of group-specific markers. Alternatively, quantitative aspects often have to be used to identify the primary sensitizers. A sufficient number of allergen molecules is now available from cat and dog to unravel the many cases of cat–dog double sensitization. There are still substantial diagnostic gaps concerning allergens from small animals and farm animals, or such allergens are only available for multiplex testing. The lipocalins, a particularly species-rich and heterogeneous allergen family comprising important major and minor allergens from virtually all furry animals, show complex cross-reactivity patterns with each other and have been recently identified as a major cause of polysensitization.

分子诊断如何帮助我们正确识别宠物过敏
摘要对两种或两种以上动物同时致敏是很常见的,并且在传统的基于提取物的过敏诊断中是一个常见的诊断问题。单一过敏原分子的使用揭示了多敏感的根本原因,并能够区分原发性敏感和交叉反应,这是选择合适的免疫疗法疫苗的先决条件。个体致敏模式可能是临床相关性、症状严重程度和哮喘风险的有价值的预测因素,并在一定程度上反映了当前或过去的动物接触情况。“标记物过敏原”的概念在宠物过敏的情况下是具有挑战性的,因为许多动物过敏原是普遍存在的泛过敏原,限制了群体特异性标记物的定义。或者,通常必须使用定量方面来确定主要敏化剂。现在,猫和狗身上有足够数量的过敏原分子,可以解开猫狗双重致敏的许多案例。关于小动物和农场动物的过敏原,仍然存在很大的诊断差距,或者这种过敏原只能用于多重检测。脂运载蛋白是一个物种丰富且异质的过敏原家族,由几乎所有毛茸茸的动物的重要主要和次要过敏原组成,它们之间表现出复杂的交叉反应模式,最近被确定为多敏感的主要原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Allergo Journal International
Allergo Journal International Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Allergo Journal International is the official Journal of the German Society for Applied Allergology (AeDA) and the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (ÖGAI). The journal is a forum for the communication and exchange of ideas concerning the various aspects of allergy (including related fields such as clinical immunology and environmental medicine) and promotes German allergy research in an international context. The aim of Allergo Journal International is to provide state of the art information for all medical and scientific disciplines that deal with allergic, immunological and environmental diseases. Allergo Journal International publishes original articles, reviews, short communications, case reports, and letters to the editor. The articles cover topics such as allergic, immunological and environmental diseases, the latest developments in diagnosis and therapy as well as current research work concerning antigens and allergens and aspects related to occupational and environmental medicine. In addition, it publishes clinical guidelines and position papers approved by expert panels of the German, Austrian and Swiss Allergy Societies. All submissions are reviewed in single-blind fashion by at least two reviewers. Originally, the journal started as a German journal called Allergo Journal back in 1992. Throughout the years, English articles amounted to a considerable portion in Allergo Journal. This was one of the reasons to extract the scientific content and publish it in a separate journal. Hence, Allergo Journal International was born and now is the international continuation of the original German journal. Nowadays, all original content is published in Allergo Journal International first. Later, selected manuscripts will be translated and published in German and included in Allergo Journal.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信