Research Progress in the translation ability of circular RNAs

国际生物医学工程杂志 Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.01.014

Yunfei Deng, Xiaoxiao Liu, Yanzhuo Zhao

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Abstract

With the development of the next-generation sequencing technology, circular RNAs(circRNAs) are again receiving attention. Circular RNAs have a circular structure that without 5' and a 3' ending. This special structural characteristics and unique formation mechanism (backsplicing) has been known well, but few studies aim to its biological functions. Related researches are mainly focused on its functions as a regulator of the splicing of pre-mRNAs and the expression of parental gene in nucleus or as a competitive inhibitor of miRNAs absorbed by the circRNAs in cytoplasm. The related diseases include Parkinson disease, diabetes, cancers, cardiomyopathy and so on. According to the nature of the sequence contained in the ring, circRNAs can be divided into circular exonic RNA, circular intronic RNA, and ElciRNAs. The sequences contained within the circRNAs are mainly exons, whose ability of guiding the protein synthesis still remains controversial. In this paper, the current researches on the translation ability of circRNAs were reviewed, and the possible biological information tools and lab methods to identify such ability were recommended. Key words: circRNAs; Translation; Identification; Methods

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环状rna翻译能力的研究进展

随着下一代测序技术的发展，环状RNA（circRNA）再次受到关注。环状RNA具有环状结构，没有5'和3'末端。这种特殊的结构特征和独特的形成机制（后褶皱）已为人所知，但很少有研究针对其生物学功能。相关研究主要集中在其作为前信使核糖核酸剪接和亲代基因在细胞核中表达的调节因子或作为细胞质中circRNA吸收的miRNA的竞争性抑制剂的功能上。相关疾病包括帕金森病、糖尿病、癌症、心肌病等。根据环中所含序列的性质，circRNA可分为环状外显子RNA、环状内含子RNA和ElciRNA。circRNA中包含的序列主要是外显子，其指导蛋白质合成的能力仍然存在争议。本文综述了circRNAs翻译能力的研究现状，并推荐了可能的生物信息工具和实验室方法来鉴定这种能力。关键词：circRNAs；翻译；标识；方法

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国际生物医学工程杂志

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1974