The Arms Race Between KRAB-Zinc Finger Proteins and Endogenous Retroelements and Its Impact on Mammals.

IF 8.7 1区生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043717

Melania Bruno, M. Mahgoub, T. Macfarlan

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引用次数: 79

Abstract

Nearly half of the human genome consists of endogenous retroelements (EREs) and their genetic remnants, a small fraction of which carry the potential to propagate in the host genome, posing a threat to genome integrity and cell/organismal survival. The largest family of transcription factors in tetrapods, the Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs), binds to specific EREs and represses their transcription. Since their first appearance over 400 million years ago, KRAB-ZFPs have undergone dramatic expansion and diversification in mammals, correlating with the invasions of new EREs. In this article we review our current understanding of the structure, function, and evolution of KRAB-ZFPs and discuss growing evidence that the arms race between KRAB-ZFPs and the EREs they target is a major driving force for the evolution of new traits in mammals, often accompanied by domestication of EREs themselves. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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KRAB锌指蛋白与内源性逆转录酶的军备竞赛及其对哺乳动物的影响。

近一半的人类基因组由内源性逆转录因子(EREs)及其遗传残留物组成，其中一小部分具有在宿主基因组中繁殖的潜力，对基因组完整性和细胞/生物体生存构成威胁。四足动物中最大的转录因子家族是kr ppel相关的盒子结构域锌指蛋白(KRAB-ZFPs)，它与特定的EREs结合并抑制其转录。自4亿多年前首次出现以来，krab - zfp在哺乳动物中经历了急剧的扩张和多样化，这与新EREs的入侵有关。在本文中，我们回顾了目前对KRAB-ZFPs的结构、功能和进化的理解，并讨论了越来越多的证据表明，KRAB-ZFPs与其目标EREs之间的军备竞赛是哺乳动物新性状进化的主要驱动力，通常伴随着EREs本身的驯化。《遗传学年度评论》第53卷的最终在线出版日期预计为2019年11月23日。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual review of genetics 生物-遗传学

CiteScore

18.30

自引率

0.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Genetics, published since 1967, comprehensively covers significant advancements in genetics. It encompasses various areas such as biochemical, behavioral, cell, and developmental genetics, evolutionary and population genetics, chromosome structure and transmission, gene function and expression, mutation and repair, genomics, immunogenetics, and other topics related to the genetics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and humans.