Pulsed laser heating of diesel engine and turbojet combustor soot: Changes in nanostructure and implications

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Aerosol Science and Technology Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI:10.1080/02786826.2023.2244548

R. V. Vander Wal, Madhu Singh, W. Bachalo, G. Payne, J. Manin, R. Howard

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Abstract

Abstract Carbonaceous particulate produced by a diesel engine and turbojet engine combustor are analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for differences in nanostructure before and after pulsed laser annealing. Soot is examined between low/high diesel engine torque and low/high turbojet engine thrust. Small differences in nascent nanostructure are magnified by the action of high-temperature annealing induced by pulsed laser heating. Lamellae length distributions show occurrence of graphitization while tortuosity analyses reveal lamellae straightening. Differences in internal particle structure (hollow shells versus internal graphitic ribbons) are interpreted as due to higher internal sp3 and O-atom content under the higher power conditions with hypothesized greater turbulence and resulting partial premixing. TEM in concert with fringe analyses reveal that a similar degree of annealing occurs in the primary particles in soot from both diesel engine and turbojet engine combustors—despite the aggregate and primary size differences between these sources. Implications of these results for source identification of the combustion particulate and for laser-induced incandescence (LII) measurements of concentration are discussed with inter-instrument comparison of soot mass from both diesel and turbojet soot sources. Graphical Abstract

查看原文本刊更多论文

柴油发动机和涡轮喷气发动机燃烧室烟灰的脉冲激光加热：纳米结构的变化及其意义

摘要通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析了柴油发动机和涡轮喷气发动机燃烧室产生的碳质颗粒在脉冲激光退火前后的纳米结构差异。在低/高柴油发动机扭矩和低/高涡轮喷气发动机推力之间检查烟灰。脉冲激光加热引起的高温退火作用放大了新生纳米结构的微小差异。片层长度分布显示石墨化的发生，而弯曲度分析显示片层矫直。内部颗粒结构的差异（空心壳与内部石墨带）被解释为由于在假设更大湍流和由此产生的部分预混合的更高功率条件下更高的内部sp3和O原子含量。TEM与边缘分析相结合表明，尽管柴油发动机和涡轮喷气发动机燃烧器的烟尘中的主要颗粒存在聚集和主要尺寸差异，但其退火程度相似。通过对柴油机和涡轮喷气发动机烟尘源烟尘质量的仪器间比较，讨论了这些结果对燃烧颗粒源识别和激光诱导白炽度（LII）浓度测量的意义。图形摘要

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来源期刊

Aerosol Science and Technology 环境科学-工程：化工

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Aerosol Science and Technology publishes theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations papers that advance knowledge of aerosols and facilitate its application. Articles on either basic or applied work are suitable. Examples of topics include instrumentation for the measurement of aerosol physical, optical, chemical and biological properties; aerosol dynamics and transport phenomena; numerical modeling; charging; nucleation; nanoparticles and nanotechnology; lung deposition and health effects; filtration; and aerosol generation. Consistent with the criteria given above, papers that deal with the atmosphere, climate change, indoor and workplace environments, homeland security, pharmaceutical aerosols, combustion sources, aerosol synthesis reactors, and contamination control in semiconductor manufacturing will be considered. AST normally does not consider papers that describe routine measurements or models for aerosol air quality assessment.