The potential of in vitro neuronal networks cultured on micro electrode arrays for biomedical research

IF 5 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Marta Cerina, M. Piastra, M. Frega
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In vitro neuronal models have become an important tool to study healthy and diseased neuronal circuits. The growing interest of neuroscientists to explore the dynamics of neuronal systems and the increasing need to observe, measure and manipulate not only single neurons but populations of cells pushed for technological advancement. In this sense, micro-electrode arrays (MEAs) emerged as a promising technique, made of cell culture dishes with embedded micro-electrodes allowing non-invasive and relatively simple measurement of the activity of neuronal cultures at the network level. In the past decade, MEAs popularity has rapidly grown. MEA devices have been extensively used to measure the activity of neuronal cultures mainly derived from rodents. Rodent neuronal cultures on MEAs have been employed to investigate physiological mechanisms, study the effect of chemicals in neurotoxicity screenings, and model the electrophysiological phenotype of neuronal networks in different pathological conditions. With the advancements in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) technology, the differentiation of human neurons from the cells of adult donors became possible. hiPSCs-derived neuronal networks on MEAs have been employed to develop patient-specific in vitro platforms to characterize the pathophysiological phenotype and to test drugs, paving the way towards personalized medicine. In this review, we first describe MEA technology and the information that can be obtained from MEA recordings. Then, we give an overview of studies in which MEAs have been used in combination with different neuronal systems (i.e. rodent 2D and three-dimensional (3D) neuronal cultures, organotypic brain slices, hiPSCs-derived 2D and 3D neuronal cultures, and brain organoids) for biomedical research, including physiology studies, neurotoxicity screenings, disease modeling, and drug testing. We end by discussing potential, challenges and future perspectives of MEA technology, and providing some guidance for the choice of the neuronal model and MEA device, experimental design, data analysis and reporting for scientific publications.
在微电极阵列上培养的体外神经元网络在生物医学研究中的潜力
体外神经元模型已成为研究健康和病变神经元回路的重要工具。神经科学家对探索神经元系统动力学的兴趣日益浓厚,对观察、测量和操纵不仅是单个神经元,而且是细胞群体的需求日益增长,推动了技术进步。从这个意义上讲,微电极阵列(MEAs)成为一种很有前途的技术,由嵌入微电极的细胞培养皿制成,可以在网络水平上对神经元培养物的活性进行非侵入性和相对简单的测量。在过去的十年中,mea的受欢迎程度迅速增长。MEA装置已被广泛用于测量主要来自啮齿动物的神经元培养物的活性。在MEAs上进行啮齿动物神经元培养,探讨其生理机制,研究化学物质在神经毒性筛选中的作用,并模拟不同病理条件下神经元网络的电生理表型。随着人类诱导多能干细胞(hiPSCs)技术的进步,人类神经元从成人供体细胞分化成为可能。MEAs上hipscs衍生的神经网络已被用于开发患者特异性的体外平台,以表征病理生理表型和测试药物,为个性化医疗铺平道路。在这篇综述中,我们首先描述了MEA技术和可以从MEA记录中获得的信息。然后,我们概述了MEAs与不同神经元系统(即啮齿动物2D和三维(3D)神经元培养,器官型脑切片,hipscs衍生的2D和3D神经元培养以及脑类器官)结合用于生物医学研究的研究,包括生理学研究,神经毒性筛选,疾病建模和药物测试。最后,我们讨论了MEA技术的潜力、挑战和未来前景,并为神经元模型和MEA设备的选择、实验设计、数据分析和科学出版物的报告提供了一些指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
9.40
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