Migration and climate change – The role of social protection

IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Darya Silchenko , Una Murray
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Social protection, as a vulnerability response tool, is well-placed to equip climate-vulnerable populations with resources that de-risk livelihoods and smooth consumption. This systematic literature review of 28 studies identifies evidence for how social protection has influenced beneficiaries’ migration decisions, experiences, and outcomes in the context of a changing climate, through cash transfers, public work programs, insurance, and health care. The review reveal three key interlinkages between social protection policies and climate-migration, where social protection is recognized as a policy tool that can (i) ease the financial barriers to migration as a means of de-risking climate change impacts, (ii) address adverse drivers and structural factors that may compel people to engage in maladaptive, distress migration and (iii) support those ‘left at home’ in maintaining their livelihoods when they do not wish to leave. Understanding how social protection can be leveraged to stimulate positive climate-migration outcomes can aid policymakers, development practitioners, local governments, and social protection beneficiaries capitalize the necessary support in circumstances of migration or immobility in the context of adverse climate conditions. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the optimal methods in which social protection can support vulnerable groups and encourage positive outcomes of climate-migration. We expand the knowledge base by making a case for the inclusion of social protection in climate change and human migration debates; highlighting research and policy gaps and missed opportunities; and advocating for further empirical research on interlinkages and documentation of approaches where social protection can support voluntary, planned migration decisions where long-term adaptation is no longer viable.

移民与气候变化——社会保护的作用
社会保护作为一种应对脆弱性的工具,可以为气候脆弱人群提供资源,降低生计风险,促进消费。本文对28项研究进行了系统的文献综述,找出了在气候变化背景下,社会保护如何通过现金转移支付、公共工作计划、保险和医疗保健影响受益者的移民决策、经历和结果的证据。该审查揭示了社会保护政策与气候移民之间的三个关键相互联系,其中社会保护被认为是一种政策工具,可以(i)缓解移民的财务障碍,作为降低气候变化影响风险的一种手段,(ii)解决可能迫使人们从事适应不良、痛苦的移民的不利驱动因素和结构性因素,以及(iii)支持那些“留在家里”的人维持他们不希望离开的生计。了解如何利用社会保护来刺激积极的气候移民结果,可以帮助政策制定者、发展从业者、地方政府和社会保护受益者在不利气候条件下的移民或不流动情况下利用必要的支持。关于社会保护支持弱势群体和鼓励气候移民产生积极成果的最佳方法,知识差距仍然存在。我们通过将社会保护纳入气候变化和人类移徙辩论的案例来扩大知识基础;强调研究和政策差距以及错失的机会;并倡导对相互联系进行进一步的实证研究,并记录社会保护可以在长期适应不再可行的情况下支持自愿、有计划的移民决定的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Climate Risk Management
Climate Risk Management Earth and Planetary Sciences-Atmospheric Science
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
30 weeks
期刊介绍: Climate Risk Management publishes original scientific contributions, state-of-the-art reviews and reports of practical experience on the use of knowledge and information regarding the consequences of climate variability and climate change in decision and policy making on climate change responses from the near- to long-term. The concept of climate risk management refers to activities and methods that are used by individuals, organizations, and institutions to facilitate climate-resilient decision-making. Its objective is to promote sustainable development by maximizing the beneficial impacts of climate change responses and minimizing negative impacts across the full spectrum of geographies and sectors that are potentially affected by the changing climate.
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