Über den Anfang von Walter Benjamins Aufsatz „Zur Kritik der Gewalt“ anlässlich des hundertjährigen Jubiläums seiner Veröffentlichung

Abstract

Abstract As a commentary on the initial paragraph of Benjamin’s “Zur Kritik der Gewalt,” this article shows that its characterisation of the “sphere of moral relations” as circumscribed by the poles of law and justice generates the rationale for the critique of violence. After describing how Benjamin reproduces the structure of Kant’s Metaphysik der Sitten, the article outlines the procedure whereby the initial definition of Gewalt as an “intervention” into moral relations is supplemented by an exposition of the situation in which law “encroaches” upon “the living” by presenting itself as an “expiation” (Sühne) of moral ambiguity; but inasmuch as the sphere of moral relations is constitutively split between the mutually repugnant poles of law and justice, the process of expiation intensifies the ambiguity of the situation law purports to resolve. Benjamin’s solution to this dilemma consists in claiming the reality of “de-expiation” (Entsühnung), which he associates with “pure” and thus “divine” violence.