A Set of “以” Indicating “Consider” —A Proposal of “以” Without “Too” in The Meaning (in Chinese)

IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 ASIAN STUDIES
Liu Yang, Feng Yang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In “三月无君则吊,不以急乎” (Did not this condoling, on being three months unemployed by a ruler, show a too great urgency to you?) from Mencius, “以” is commonly interpreted as 太 (too), bearing the same connotation with the “以” in “不以泰乎” (is it too excessive), also from Mencius, in an identical structure “adverb+ 以+adjective(+ 乎)”. The contexts of “不以泰乎”, “如其道,则舜受尧之天下,不以为泰。子以 为泰乎” (Shun accepted the Empire from Yao without considering it to be excessive, when it was in accordance with the Way. Or perhaps you consider even this to be excessive?) could provide an indication that “不 以泰乎” means “consider even this to be excessive” and further suggests that “不以急乎” means “consider it to be a great urgency”. There has been a myriad of sentences with the pattern of “以...为...” (consider... to be..) in the synchronic literature. The pattern “以为...” (consider as...) arose from the cases where the objective of “以” in “以...为...” referred to something or event that had appeared shortly prior to the context. The pattern “以...” (consider...) derived from the pattern of “以为”. It could be well demonstrated in the similar distribution in “以+adjective” and “以为 +adjective”. In some dictionaries of ancient Chinese function words, “以” and “已” as two synonym adverbs indicating “too” 太. And yet the instances gave in the dictionary could all be dissembled: in the first cases, “以(consider)” could be regarded as omitted expression of “以为”; in the second, it could be seen as a preposition in Chinese; or it should be seen as the equivalent of “已”, bearing the meaning of “already”.
一套“以” 表示“考虑”——关于“以” 意思中没有“太”(中文)
在孟子的“3个月失业的统治者,难道这种哀悼对你来说不是太紧迫吗?”中,“不”通常被解释为“太”,与“不”中的“不”具有相同的内涵,同样来自孟子,在相同的结构中“副词+不”+形容词(+“)”。“中文中文”,“中文中文”,“中文中文”,“中文中文”,“中文中文”,“中文中文”。(舜接受了尧的帝国,没有认为它是过分的,当它是符合道路的时候。或者你甚至认为这是过分的?)可以提供一个指示,“提价”的意思是“认为这是过分的”,并进一步暗示“提价”的意思是“认为这是非常紧急的”。有无数的句子都是这样的“……”(考虑……(在共时文学中)模式是“…(被认为是……)源于“……”中“……”的目的。指的是在上下文之前不久出现的某事或事件。模式“……”(考虑……)来源于“整整”的模式。这可以很好地体现在“同源+形容词”和“同源+形容词”的相似分布上。在一些古汉语虚词词典中,“不”和“不”作为表示“太”的两个同义词副词。然而,字典中给出的例子都是可以掩饰的:在第一种情况下,“考虑”可以被认为是省略了“考虑”的表达;在第二种情况下,它可以被视为汉语的介词;或者,它应该被视为“已经”的同义词,具有“已经”的意思。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: Journal of Chinese Linguistics (JCL) is an academic journal, which comprises research content from both general linguistics and Chinese linguistics. It is edited by a distinguished editorial board of international expertise. There are two publications: Journal of Chinese Linguistics (JCL) and Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series (JCLMS).
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