Smart criminal justice: Phenomena and normative requirements

IF 2.7 4区 管理学 Q2 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Monika Simmler, Giulia Canova, K. Schedler
{"title":"Smart criminal justice: Phenomena and normative requirements","authors":"Monika Simmler, Giulia Canova, K. Schedler","doi":"10.1177/00208523211039740","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Advanced technology is not only transforming the public sector in general but is also increasingly transmuting the criminal justice system. Smart applications are designed to predict crimes, automate legal proceedings, and predict recidivism. We argue that such use of intelligent technology to optimize police work, criminal justice, and law enforcement is ultimately serving to establish a “smart criminal justice.” However, not every use of technology is intelligent or “smart,” per se. Based on a literature analysis, we explore the meaning of “smartness” from a descriptive and normative perspective, in order to develop a catalog of decisive criteria. We identify the use of technology as a basic prerequisite, and efficiency, effectiveness, and participation as normative criteria for any smart initiative in the public sector. Considering the specifics of the criminal justice system, these criteria can be expanded by claims related to legality, equality, and transparency. In sum, this article presents and discusses guidelines for assessing the usefulness and legitimacy of technical innovations in the criminal justice system. The catalog developed here will facilitate practitioners and policy-makers in determining when the use of technology in criminal justice is actually smart, and more importantly, when it is not. Points for practitioners Advanced technology is increasingly being used in the public sector in general and the criminal justice system in particular, bringing opportunities as well as substantial risk. The use of technology has to adhere to normative principles to be considered as “smart criminal justice.” This article presents a list of normative criteria that can be used in practice to assess whether technology in criminal justice is used smartly. Practitioners are encouraged to use this catalog as a guide for procurement, implementation, and evaluation processes.","PeriodicalId":47811,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Administrative Sciences","volume":"89 1","pages":"415 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Review of Administrative Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208523211039740","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4

Abstract

Advanced technology is not only transforming the public sector in general but is also increasingly transmuting the criminal justice system. Smart applications are designed to predict crimes, automate legal proceedings, and predict recidivism. We argue that such use of intelligent technology to optimize police work, criminal justice, and law enforcement is ultimately serving to establish a “smart criminal justice.” However, not every use of technology is intelligent or “smart,” per se. Based on a literature analysis, we explore the meaning of “smartness” from a descriptive and normative perspective, in order to develop a catalog of decisive criteria. We identify the use of technology as a basic prerequisite, and efficiency, effectiveness, and participation as normative criteria for any smart initiative in the public sector. Considering the specifics of the criminal justice system, these criteria can be expanded by claims related to legality, equality, and transparency. In sum, this article presents and discusses guidelines for assessing the usefulness and legitimacy of technical innovations in the criminal justice system. The catalog developed here will facilitate practitioners and policy-makers in determining when the use of technology in criminal justice is actually smart, and more importantly, when it is not. Points for practitioners Advanced technology is increasingly being used in the public sector in general and the criminal justice system in particular, bringing opportunities as well as substantial risk. The use of technology has to adhere to normative principles to be considered as “smart criminal justice.” This article presents a list of normative criteria that can be used in practice to assess whether technology in criminal justice is used smartly. Practitioners are encouraged to use this catalog as a guide for procurement, implementation, and evaluation processes.
智慧刑事司法:现象与规范要求
先进技术不仅正在改变整个公共部门,而且正在日益改变刑事司法系统。智能应用程序旨在预测犯罪、自动化法律程序和预测累犯。我们认为,使用智能技术来优化警察工作、刑事司法和执法,最终是为了建立“智能刑事司法”。然而,并不是每一种技术的使用都是智能的或“智能的”。基于文献分析,我们从描述性和规范性的角度探讨了“智能”的含义,以便制定决定性标准的目录。我们认为,技术的使用是一个基本的先决条件,效率、有效性和参与是公共部门任何明智举措的规范标准。考虑到刑事司法系统的具体情况,这些标准可以通过与合法性、平等性和透明度有关的主张来扩大。总之,本文提出并讨论了评估刑事司法系统技术创新的有用性和合法性的准则。这里制定的目录将有助于从业者和决策者确定在刑事司法中使用技术何时真正明智,更重要的是,何时不明智。从业人员积分先进技术越来越多地被用于公共部门,特别是刑事司法系统,带来了机遇,也带来了巨大的风险。技术的使用必须遵守规范性原则,才能被视为“聪明的刑事司法”。本文列出了一系列规范性标准,可用于评估刑事司法中的技术是否被聪明地使用。鼓励从业者使用本目录作为采购、实施和评估过程的指南。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
4.30%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: IRAS is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to academic and professional public administration. Founded in 1927 it is the oldest scholarly public administration journal specifically focused on comparative and international topics. IRAS seeks to shape the future agenda of public administration around the world by encouraging reflection on international comparisons, new techniques and approaches, the dialogue between academics and practitioners, and debates about the future of the field itself.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信