Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

Q3 Medicine

Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI:10.14776/piv.2021.28.e13

J. Lee, E. Cho, Hyunju Lee

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has been continuously spreading throughout the world. As of July 15, 2021, there have been more than 188 million confirmed cases and more than 4.06 million deaths. Although the incidence of severe infections is relatively low in children and adolescents compared to adults, a complication called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) may occur in some cases at approximately 2–6 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. MIS-C can be seen in patients of various ages, from young infants to adolescents, and may present with diverse clinical manifestations. While fever present in a great majority of patients, symptoms suggesting the involvement of the digestive or nervous system and the skin and mucous membranes (Kawasaki disease-like symptoms) also appear in many cases. Cardiac involvement may also be observed, including left ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, coronary artery dilatation, and coronary aneurysm. In some cases, hypotension or shock can occur, and mechanical ventilation or treatment in the intensive care unit may be necessary. Fortunately, recovery is generally reported after appropriate treatment. MIS-C is a rare but important complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents. As such, it is important to recognize the clinical symptoms and provide appropriate treatment at an early stage. In this review, the epidemiology, clinical symptoms, suggested pathophysiology, diagnostic approach, and treatment of MIS-C will be discussed. © 2021 The Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases.

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儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）

2019冠状病毒病大流行在全球持续蔓延。截至2021年7月15日，确诊病例超过1.88亿例，死亡病例超过406万例。尽管与成人相比，儿童和青少年的严重感染发生率相对较低，但在一些病例中，在感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)后约2-6周，可能会出现一种称为儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C)的并发症。MIS-C可以在不同年龄的患者中看到，从幼儿到青少年，可能表现出不同的临床表现。虽然绝大多数患者出现发烧，但许多病例也出现消化系统或神经系统以及皮肤和粘膜受累的症状(类似川崎病的症状)。心脏受累也可观察到，包括左心室功能障碍、心肌炎、冠状动脉扩张和冠状动脉瘤。在某些情况下，可能发生低血压或休克，可能需要在重症监护病房进行机械通气或治疗。幸运的是，经过适当的治疗后，一般都能恢复。MIS-C是儿童和青少年感染SARS-CoV-2的罕见但重要的并发症。因此，认识到临床症状并在早期阶段提供适当的治疗是很重要的。本文将对MIS-C的流行病学、临床症状、建议的病理生理、诊断方法和治疗进行讨论。©2021韩国儿科传染病学会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Medicine-Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Pediatric Infection and Vaccine is an official publication of the Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and a peer-reviewed, open-access, multidisciplinary journal directed to physicians and other health care professionals who manage infectious diseases of childhood. The editorial board calls for the articles that originate from worldwide research or clinical study groups and the publication is determined by the editors and reviewers who are the experts in the specific field of infectious diseases of childhood. The categories of manuscripts are original articles, case reports, reviews and rapid communication. The Journal is published triannually and distributed to members of the Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, medical schools, libraries and related institutes to persue the academic advancement in infectious diseases and to promote active communication between the members and international societies of pediatric infectious diseases. Eventually, the journal aims to contribute to the cure of infectious diseases of childhood and to the improvement of public health.