Congestion and Pollution, Vehicle Routing Problem of a Logistics Provider in Thailand

Abstract

This study aims to minimise the travelling distance, operation cost in terms of fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions. It introduces the TimeDependency Pollution-Routing Problem (TDPRP) with the implementation of the time-dependency and emission model, including constraints such as the limitation of vehicle capacity and vehicle’s speed during different time periods in Thailand. Furthermore, the time window constraint is applied for representing a more realistic model. The main objective is to minimise the total pollution generated because of transportation.