Structural evolution of the Téfidet trough (East Aïr, Niger) in relation with the West African Cretaceous and Paleogene rifting and compression episodes

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Moussa Konaté, Yacouba Ahmed, Moussa Harouna
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Located in northern Niger, the NW–SE Téfidet trough is the western branch of the Ténéré rift megasystem.

Here we present a tectono-sedimentary analysis of the Téfidet trough, based on the combined use of satellite imagery, field observations and measures, and available literature. We use these data to analyse the sedimentary facies and the tectonic deformations (faults, folds, basins) in the Téfidet trough, and derive their relative chronology. Doing so, we characterize synrift and postrift deformations and their interactions with sedimentation.

Altogether our analyses suggest that the Téfidet trough was affected from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene by three major tectonic periods.

  • The first period was a rifting stage with extension and transtension during the Albian–Aptian times. The mean extension was ∼N60° and dominantly produced NW–SE-trending normal faults, a few strike-slip faults locally associated with small folds with sigmoidal axis and small reverse faults, and progressive unconformities.

  • the second period was also a rifting time, which prevailed during the Upper Cretaceous. The regime was marked by transtensional to extensional tectonics, under a ∼N130° shortening and a ∼N60° trending stretching. The end of this period saw the closure of the Téfidet trough.

  • the third period was a postrift stage. It was characterized by a ∼N70° extensional to transtensional regime during the Oligocene–Pliocene. It mainly produced post-sedimentary extensional faults and fractures and alkaline volcanism. We eventually discuss these deformation phases in relation with the Cretaceous Gondwana breakup and its related rifting events in West and North Africa, and with the subsequent Africa–Europe collision.

尼日尔tsamfidet海槽(东Aïr)与西非白垩纪和古近纪裂陷和挤压期的构造演化
位于尼日尔北部的NW-SE tsami海槽是tsami海槽大系统的西部分支。在此,我们根据卫星图像、实地观测和测量以及现有文献的综合使用,提出了对tsamfidet海槽的构造-沉积分析。我们利用这些资料分析了tsamfidet海槽的沉积相和构造变形(断裂、褶皱、盆地),并推导了它们的相对年代学。这样,我们描述了滑裂和后滑裂变形及其与沉积的相互作用。综上所述,从白垩纪到古近纪,tsamfidet海槽受三个主要构造时期的影响。•第一个时期是阿普提时代的裂谷阶段,有伸展和伸展。平均伸展约N60°,主要发育nw - se向正断层,少量走滑断层局部伴有s型轴小褶皱和小逆断层,以及渐进式不整合面。•第二个时期也是裂谷期,在上白垩纪盛行。以张拉构造为标志,在~ N130°的缩短和~ N60°的走向拉伸下。这一时期的结束标志着tsamfidet低谷的结束。•第三个时期是后发阶段。在渐新世—上新世期间,其特征为~ N70°张拉—张拉构造。主要产沉积后伸展断裂断裂和碱性火山作用。我们最后讨论了这些变形阶段与白垩纪冈瓦纳破裂及其在西非和北非的相关裂谷事件,以及随后的非洲-欧洲碰撞的关系。
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来源期刊
Comptes Rendus Geoscience
Comptes Rendus Geoscience 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
14.30%
发文量
68
审稿时长
5.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Created in 1835 by physicist François Arago, then Permanent Secretary, the journal Comptes Rendus de l''Académie des sciences allows researchers to quickly make their work known to the international scientific community. It is divided into seven titles covering the range of scientific research fields: Mathematics, Mechanics, Chemistry, Biology, Geoscience, Physics and Palevol. Each series is led by an editor-in-chief assisted by an editorial committee. Submitted articles are reviewed by two scientists with recognized competence in the field concerned. They can be notes, announcing significant new results, as well as review articles, allowing for a fine-tuning, or even proceedings of symposia and other thematic issues, under the direction of invited editors, French or foreign.
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