Immunotherapy for neuroblastoma using mRNA vaccines

Abstract

In children, neuroblastoma seems to be the most frequent form of tumor found in the extracranial region, with a wide range of medical outcomes ranging from reduction of the tumor volume with time to even developing into a metastatic form and death, regardless of treatment. mRNA vaccines have emerged as a potential cancer treatment platform and could be used as a treatment of neuroblastoma as well. mRNA vaccines, whether naked or loaded with a carrier, proficiently express the antigens of the tumor in APCs after the process of immunization which facilitates the stimulation of the APCs and innate immune reaction. The characteristics such as elevated effectiveness, harmless administration, quick expansion abilities, and efficient manufacturing allows the mRNA cancer vaccines outperform other traditional vaccination platforms. This review focuses on the mRNA vaccine for the immunotherapy of neuroblastoma and gives an overview based on the recent literature available.