Development of a scale measuring online sexual harassment: Examining gender differences and the emotional impact of sexual harassment victimization online

IF 2.2 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Legal and Criminological Psychology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI:10.1111/lcrp.12197

Niall Buchanan, Adam Mahoney

{"title":"Development of a scale measuring online sexual harassment: Examining gender differences and the emotional impact of sexual harassment victimization online","authors":"Niall Buchanan, Adam Mahoney","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12197","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Purpose</h3>\n \n <p>This study aimed to outline the construct of online sexual harassment (OSH) to ensure its accurate measurement and to develop a tool to measure OSH victimization in adults. Secondary aims were to explore potential gender differences in victimization and the emotional impact of OSH.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A systematic process was used to develop The Online Sexual Harassment Scale (OSHS) to measure OSH victimization. This included a systematic review of current literature, content analysis of online posts from the Everyday Sexism Website, exploratory factor analysis of a pilot scale, then a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis to confirm scale items, structure and ensure scale reliability. Finally, an online survey using the OSHS explored the emotional impact of OSH.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Two types of OSH, gender harassment and unwanted sexual attention were identified. The OSHS reliably measured both types of harassment, ω = .95. The most frequent type of OSH found for male and female participants was unwanted sexual attention. Univariate analysis found that females (<i>M</i> = 0.83) experienced significantly higher levels of OSH than males (<i>M</i> = 0.56). Further analysis found that the emotional impact of OSH was significantly more upsetting for females for both types of OSH.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study contributes a valid a reliable way to measure OSH in adult victims. The development of the OSHS would benefit from further testing using a larger and more diverse sample, which should include non-student populations.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"27 1","pages":"63-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lcrp.12197","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lcrp.12197","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to outline the construct of online sexual harassment (OSH) to ensure its accurate measurement and to develop a tool to measure OSH victimization in adults. Secondary aims were to explore potential gender differences in victimization and the emotional impact of OSH.

Methods

A systematic process was used to develop The Online Sexual Harassment Scale (OSHS) to measure OSH victimization. This included a systematic review of current literature, content analysis of online posts from the Everyday Sexism Website, exploratory factor analysis of a pilot scale, then a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis to confirm scale items, structure and ensure scale reliability. Finally, an online survey using the OSHS explored the emotional impact of OSH.

Results

Two types of OSH, gender harassment and unwanted sexual attention were identified. The OSHS reliably measured both types of harassment, ω = .95. The most frequent type of OSH found for male and female participants was unwanted sexual attention. Univariate analysis found that females (M = 0.83) experienced significantly higher levels of OSH than males (M = 0.56). Further analysis found that the emotional impact of OSH was significantly more upsetting for females for both types of OSH.

Conclusions

This study contributes a valid a reliable way to measure OSH in adult victims. The development of the OSHS would benefit from further testing using a larger and more diverse sample, which should include non-student populations.

查看原文本刊更多论文

测量网络性骚扰的量表的开发：研究性别差异和网络性骚扰受害者的情绪影响

目的本研究旨在概述网络性骚扰(OSH)的结构，以确保其准确测量，并开发一种测量成人网络性骚扰受害的工具。次要目的是探讨职业安全卫生受害和情绪影响的潜在性别差异。方法采用系统流程编制《网络性骚扰量表》(OSHS)，对网络性骚扰受害情况进行测量。这包括对现有文献的系统回顾，对每日性别歧视网站上的在线帖子进行内容分析，对一个中试量表进行探索性因子分析，然后进行后续的验证性因子分析，以确定量表的项目、结构并确保量表的可靠性。最后，一项使用职业安全与健康指南的在线调查探讨了职业安全与健康对情感的影响。结果确定了两种职业安全与健康类型:性别骚扰和非自愿性关注。OSHS可靠地测量了这两种类型的骚扰，ω = 0.95。在男性和女性参与者中，最常见的职业安全与健康类型是不受欢迎的性关注。单因素分析发现，女性(M = 0.83)的职业安全与健康水平明显高于男性(M = 0.56)。进一步的分析发现，对于两种类型的职业安全卫生，职业安全卫生对女性的情绪影响明显更令人不安。结论本研究提供了一种有效、可靠的测量成年受害人职业安全与健康的方法。职业安全与卫生标准的制定将受益于使用更大、更多样化的样本进行进一步测试，其中应包括非学生群体。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Legal and Criminological Psychology Multiple-

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Legal and Criminological Psychology publishes original papers in all areas of psychology and law: - victimology - policing and crime detection - crime prevention - management of offenders - mental health and the law - public attitudes to law - role of the expert witness - impact of law on behaviour - interviewing and eyewitness testimony - jury decision making - deception The journal publishes papers which advance professional and scientific knowledge defined broadly as the application of psychology to law and interdisciplinary enquiry in legal and psychological fields.