Henoch-Schönlein purpura in Saudi Arabia the characteristics and rare vital organ involvement: a literature review.

Abstract

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common small vessel vasculitis in children with an annual incidence of between 10 and 30 per 100,000. It is an inflammation that affects many organs primarily in the skin, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, musculoskeletal, also vital organs like kidneys and lungs which may lead to chronic kidney disease and pulmonary hemorrhage. In this review, we are showing the characteristics of Saudi patients with HSP and the relation with preceding infections, gender, and seasonal variations in addition to the common and most severe systemic involvements. We found cases that were challenging to diagnose and others with unfortunate fetal complications.