Approaching the Standard of Knowledge Representation in the Web by Algebraic Means

Abstract

Modern systems of open linked data, including Wikidata, are built on ontology representation standards such as RDF, RDFstar, RDFa, OWL, and query language standards such as SPARQL, GraphQL, etc. At the same time, the standards for the representation of axioms such as SWRL, RIF, and even OWL are little used, as calculations in ontologies presented on the Web based on axioms and rewriting rules are not widely used. In this regard, the article proposes to use the rich experience of the theory of algebraic calculations and algebraic representation of knowledge to create a convenient universal tool for constructing ontologies focused on computing answers to queries using axioms and rewriting rules to build answers to queries, and not just facts. The possibility of building a standard for the Algebraic Web Ontology Language (Algebraic OWL) is considered. Some elements of such standard is considered. The experience and methodologies of the approaches of the Common Algebraic Specification Language (CASL), the Mathematica system, and the Haskell and Prolog programming languages are used.