SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTHCARE FACTORS AS DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD BASIC IMMUNIZATION INCOMPLETION IN PAPUA

Ika Puspita Asturiningtyas, Sri Nuryani Wahyuningrum
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Abstract

Background: The morbidity and mortality rate for children under five in Indonesia is high in eastern Indonesia. Incomplete coverage of basic immunization for children under five can increase the risk of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (VPD). As a province in eastern Indonesia, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Papua is low. Purpose: This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and healthcare factors among children who default to complete basic immunizations in Papua. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2018 Indonesian National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas). The sample was children aged 12-35 months who live in the Census Blocks (BS) of Riskesdas 2018 in Papua Province and selected to be the sample of Riskesdas 2018. Totally 453 children were included. Bivariate analysis of the data was using Chi-Square test and multivariate with logistic regression. Results: The result showed that the prevalence rate for defaulting basic immunization was 71.74%. Sociodemographic factors that increased incomplete basic immunization were poor economic families (OR=1.97; 95% CI=1.10-3.56) and low maternal education (OR=2.00; 95%CI=1.09-3.65). Meanwhile, healthcare factors like no immunization card (OR=6.82; 95%CI=2.65-17.56) and not being born in a healthcare facility (OR=6.05; 95%CI=3.14-11.66) become the strongest factors that increase the risk of incomplete basic immunization. Conclusion: This study indicates that sociodemographic and healthcare factors could increase the risk of incomplete basic immunization in Papua. It is important to actively improve healthcare services and educate people about the importance of immunization to reduce the risk of incomplete basic immunization for children in Papua.  
巴布亚新几内亚儿童基本免疫不完全的社会人口和医疗因素
背景:印度尼西亚五岁以下儿童的发病率和死亡率在印度尼西亚东部很高。五岁以下儿童的基本免疫覆盖率不完全会增加疫苗可预防疾病(VPD)的风险。作为印度尼西亚东部的一个省,巴布亚的完全基础免疫覆盖率很低。目的:本研究旨在确定巴布亚未完成基本免疫接种的儿童的社会人口统计学和医疗保健因素。方法:本研究利用了2018年印尼国家基础卫生研究(Riskesdas)的数据。样本是居住在巴布亚省Riskesdas 2018人口普查区(BS)的12-35个月的儿童,他们被选为Riskesda 2018的样本。共包括453名儿童。数据的双变量分析采用卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归。结果:基础免疫不完全的发生率为71.74%,经济困难家庭(OR=1.97;95%CI=1.10-3.56)和母亲教育程度低(OR=2.00;95%CI=1.09-3.65)是导致基础免疫不完整的社会地理因素,没有免疫卡(OR=6.82;95%CI=2.65-17.56)和没有在医疗机构出生(OR=6.05;95%CI=3.14-11.66)等医疗因素成为增加基础免疫不完全风险的最强因素。结论:本研究表明,巴布亚的社会人口和医疗因素可能会增加基础免疫不完全的风险。重要的是积极改善医疗服务,教育人们免疫接种的重要性,以降低巴布亚儿童基本免疫不完全的风险。
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