Sobre los inicios de un revisionismo filosófico en Argentina y sus derivas políticas: Homero Guglielmini, Saúl Taborda y Carlos Astrada

Abstract

This article analyzes the theoretical and ideological interests of the first philosophical essays in Argentina from an intellectual-history perspective. Saúl Taborda (1885-1943), Homero Guglielmini (1903-1968) and Carlos Astrada (1894-1971) had similar theoretical and political trajectories. From the 1920s, when they were in charge of incipient philosophical and avant-garde magazines, they were influenced by the writings of Nietzsche and Sorel. Later, they were interested in German romanticism and Heidegger's work, in the moment when Astrada and Guglielmini became two of the most important intellectuals of Juan Domingo Perón's government. While the so-called historical revisionism has received a remarkable attention, we only have a few works on this philosophical revisionism in Argentina. It is necessary, thus, to differentiate these early revisionist writings from their counterparts dedicated to history. The philosophers did not react to the continuous waves of immigration but rather to liberal political innovations taken as "foreign ideas". They focused especially on the figure of the gaucho and proposed a non-Catholic reading of Hispanicism. In a nutshell, they argued against individualism and forth theoretical tools to think a collective subject. Therefore, this work describes a theoretical trajectory that is well known at the European level, ranging from vitalist and aestheticist irrationalism to nationalist and strongly anti-individualist organisationalist positions.