A Haptic Nonverbal Cognitive Test for Children and Adolescents With Visual Impairment

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 REHABILITATION

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI:10.1177/0145482X221117172

Carolina Cassar, R. Tambelli, L. Pezzuti, Donatella Lecis, Silvia Castorina, D. Ricci, Stefania Fortini, F. Amore, F. De Crescenzo, F. Lucchese

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of the current study was to design and pilot-test a nonverbal intelligence test for children and adolescents with visual impairment (i.e., blindness and low vision) aged 10 to 16 years. Method: A three-dimensional haptic matrix test of nonverbal cognitive abilities (3-DHMT-CA), initially developed for adults with visual impairment, was adapted and administered to 25 juveniles with severe low vision or blindness and 25 sighted peers. The test consisted of 22 tactual matrices with a missing element, and juveniles were asked to understand the logical scheme underlying each matrix and to complete it. Convergent validity was assessed in the sighted group with the Standard Progressive Matrices. Divergent validity was measured with the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) and the Working Memory Index (WMI) of the Italian version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition. Between-group differences were analyzed with Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results show a high correlation with the convergent measure (with the Standard Progressive Matrices), and the moderate correlations with divergent measures (VCI and WMI). Between-group differences showed significantly higher scores for sighted peers than juveniles with visual impairment at 3-DHMT-CA, and non-significant differences at VCI and WMI. Discussion: This haptic nonverbal cognitive test showed good psychometric properties, but it needs to be validated in a larger sample with a qualitative analysis of solution strategies because juveniles with visual impairment seem to use different verbal and working memory strategies. Implications for Practitioners: The 3-DHMT-CA and the haptic two-hands modality seem to be suitable to test nonverbal cognitive abilities in juveniles with visual impairment. Practitioners should focus on empowering verbal and working memory abilities, since they may affect nonverbal cognitive abilities as well.

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儿童和青少年视觉障碍的触觉非语言认知测试

前言:本研究的目的是为10 ~ 16岁有视力障碍(即失明和低视力)的儿童和青少年设计并试运行一套非语言智力测验。方法:将最初为成人视力障碍患者开发的非语言认知能力三维触觉矩阵测试(3-DHMT-CA)应用于25名严重低视力或失明的青少年和25名视力正常的同龄人。该测试由22个缺失元素的触觉矩阵组成，青少年被要求理解每个矩阵背后的逻辑方案并完成它。用标准递进矩阵评估视力正常组的收敛效度。采用意大利语版《韦氏儿童智力量表(第四版)》的语言理解指数(VCI)和工作记忆指数(WMI)来测量差异效度。组间差异分析采用学生t检验和方差分析。结果:结果显示与收敛度量(与标准递进矩阵)高度相关，与发散度量(VCI和WMI)中度相关。在3-DHMT-CA测试中，视力正常的青少年得分显著高于视力障碍青少年，而在VCI和WMI测试中，组间差异无统计学意义。讨论:这种触觉非语言认知测试显示出良好的心理测量特性，但它需要在更大的样本中进行验证，并对解决策略进行定性分析，因为有视觉障碍的青少年似乎使用不同的语言和工作记忆策略。对从业人员的启示:3-DHMT-CA和触觉双手模式似乎适合于测试有视觉障碍的青少年的非语言认知能力。从业者应该专注于增强语言和工作记忆能力，因为它们也可能影响非语言认知能力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness REHABILITATION-

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

18.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness is the essential professional resource for information about visual impairment (that is, blindness or low vision). The international peer-reviewed journal of record in the field, it delivers current research and best practice information, commentary from authoritative experts on critical topics, News From the Field, and a calendar of important events. Practitioners and researchers, policymakers and administrators, counselors and advocates rely on JVIB for its delivery of cutting-edge research and the most up-to-date practices in the field of visual impairment and blindness. Available in print and online 24/7, JVIB offers immediate access to information from the leading researchers, teachers of students with visual impairments (often referred to as TVIs), orientation and mobility (O&M) practitioners, vision rehabilitation therapists (often referred to as VRTs), early interventionists, and low vision therapists (often referred to as LVTs) in the field.