Properties of concentrated skim rubber latex using membrane separation process and its comparison with other natural rubber latexes

IF 1.2 4区化学 Q4 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Rubber Research Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI:10.1007/s42464-022-00189-w

Nurul Hayati Yusof, Manroshan Singh, Fatimah Rubaizah Mohd Rasdi, Kim Song Tan

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Abstract

Concentrated skim (CSk) latex was prepared from raw skim (RSk) latex of Hevea brasilliensis via membrane separation process. Since the properties of CSk latex have not been reported previously, this work aims to study the properties of CSk latex and juxtapose it with raw skim (RSk), field (FNR) and high ammonia (HANR) latexes. The physicochemical properties of the latexes, such as total solid content (TSC), zeta potential, and pH, were analogous to FNR latex. CSK and RSk latexes were composed of small rubber particles as confirmed by SEM, with low molecular weight polymer as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The Fourier infra-red transform (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that CSk film contained high fatty acid ester, nitrogen and gel contents. After the ultra-filtration (UF) membrane separation, TSC increased from 7.3 wt% to 39.6 wt%. The non-rubber components and metal ion content were markedly decreased by 50%, respectively. About 85% of fatty acid esters were removed by acetone extraction (AE) while nitrogen and gel content remained the same in CSk film. This could be attributed to proteins forming cross-links that lead to high gel content of skim latex. In addition, CSk film showed marked improvement in thermal stability as compared to that of RSk.

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膜分离浓缩脱脂胶乳的性能及其与其他天然胶乳的比较

以巴西橡胶树（Hevea brasiliensis）的粗脱脂胶乳（RSk）为原料，采用膜分离法制备了浓缩脱脂胶乳（CSk）。由于CSk胶乳的性能以前没有报道过，本工作旨在研究CSk乳胶的性能，并将其与生脱脂（RSk）、field（FNR）和高氨（HANR）胶乳并置。胶乳的物理化学性质，如总固体含量（TSC）、ζ电位和pH，类似于FNR胶乳。CSK和RSk胶乳由SEM证实的小橡胶颗粒和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）测定的低分子量聚合物组成。傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）证实CSk膜含有高脂肪酸酯、高氮和高凝胶含量。超滤（UF）膜分离后，TSC从7.3wt%增加到39.6wt%。非橡胶组分和金属离子含量分别显著降低了50%。通过丙酮萃取（AE）去除了约85%的脂肪酸酯，而CSk膜中的氮和凝胶含量保持不变。这可能是由于蛋白质形成交联，导致脱脂胶乳的凝胶含量高。此外，与RSk相比，CSk膜显示出热稳定性的显著改善。

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来源期刊

Journal of Rubber Research 化学-高分子科学

自引率

15.40%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Rubber Research is devoted to both natural and synthetic rubbers, as well as to related disciplines. The scope of the journal encompasses all aspects of rubber from the core disciplines of biology, physics and chemistry, as well as economics. As a specialised field, rubber science includes within its niche a vast potential of innovative and value-added research areas yet to be explored. This peer reviewed publication focuses on the results of active experimental research and authoritative reviews on all aspects of rubber science. The Journal of Rubber Research welcomes research on: the upstream, including crop management, crop improvement and protection, and biotechnology; the midstream, including processing and effluent management; the downstream, including rubber engineering and product design, advanced rubber technology, latex science and technology, and chemistry and materials exploratory; economics, including the economics of rubber production, consumption, and market analysis. The Journal of Rubber Research serves to build a collective knowledge base while communicating information and validating the quality of research within the discipline, and bringing together work from experts in rubber science and related disciplines. Scientists in both academia and industry involved in researching and working with all aspects of rubber will find this journal to be both source of information and a gateway for their own publications.