{"title":"Targeting the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K Pathway for Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelin Regeneration in Neurological Disorders.","authors":"Chen Ge, Changwei Li","doi":"10.2174/0115672026274954230919070115","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway has been shown to potentially promote spinal cord injury (SCI) repair in rats. However, its exact mechanism and beyond needs to be further explored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation, microglial polarization differentiation, and the role of these in myelin regeneration in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The isolation, induction and characterization of rat primary neuronal stem cells, OPCs and oligodendrocytes were investigated with immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. Then, the role of AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling was explored using western blotting and immunofluorescence, the effect on myelination was examined with OPC-dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons co-culture, and the influence of M1/M2 polarization status of microglia on myelin formation was also observed by adding M1/M2 supernatants into OPC-DRG neurons co-culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Activation of the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway elevated the expression of oligodendrocyte differentiation markers, including MBP, PLP and MOG, which also promoted the colocalization of MBP and NFH in OPC-DRG neurons co-culture. More interestingly, stimulation of the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway facilitated M2 polarization of rat microglia. M2 polarization of microglia enhanced OPC differentiation to oligodendrocytes and myelin formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the potential of targeting the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin regeneration in neurological disorders such as SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":93965,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current neurovascular research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672026274954230919070115","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway has been shown to potentially promote spinal cord injury (SCI) repair in rats. However, its exact mechanism and beyond needs to be further explored.
Objective: This study aims to explore the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation, microglial polarization differentiation, and the role of these in myelin regeneration in vitro.
Methods: The isolation, induction and characterization of rat primary neuronal stem cells, OPCs and oligodendrocytes were investigated with immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. Then, the role of AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling was explored using western blotting and immunofluorescence, the effect on myelination was examined with OPC-dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons co-culture, and the influence of M1/M2 polarization status of microglia on myelin formation was also observed by adding M1/M2 supernatants into OPC-DRG neurons co-culture.
Results: Activation of the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway elevated the expression of oligodendrocyte differentiation markers, including MBP, PLP and MOG, which also promoted the colocalization of MBP and NFH in OPC-DRG neurons co-culture. More interestingly, stimulation of the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway facilitated M2 polarization of rat microglia. M2 polarization of microglia enhanced OPC differentiation to oligodendrocytes and myelin formation.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential of targeting the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin regeneration in neurological disorders such as SCI.