The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among people impacted by the criminal legal system: An updated meta-analysis and subgroup analyses.

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q1 LAW

Law and Human Behavior Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1037/lhb0000543

Shelby Hunter, Lauren E Kois, Ashley T Peck, Eric B Elbogen, Casey LaDuke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern and has implications for people directly impacted by the criminal legal system during arrest, conviction, incarceration, and community supervision. This meta-analysis estimated the lifetime prevalence of TBI among people supervised by the criminal legal system across settings.

Hypotheses: Building on previous research, we hypothesized that prevalence estimates would be impacted by methodological, clinical, and demographic factors.

Method: Eligible studies included those with adult participants supervised by the criminal legal system (i.e., prison, jail, probation, parole, inpatient/forensic hospital) and that provided sample TBI prevalence and method of ascertaining TBI history. We employed subgroup analyses and metaregression to investigate the effects of setting, TBI definition and method of detection, lifetime history of mental illness and substance use disorders, and gender.

Results: The sample ultimately included 64 studies totaling 52,540 participants. Using a random-effects model and logit transformation, we found that the overall estimate of TBI prevalence was 45.8% (95% confidence interval, CI [37.8, 54.1], 95% prediction interval, PI [5.5, 92.5]) across all studies and 32.0% (95% CI [25.0, 39.8], 95% PI [11.2, 63.6]) for moderate-to-severe TBI. Significant effects were found for TBI definition and method of detection on the pooled estimate.

Conclusions: The prevalence of TBI among people impacted by the criminal legal system may be larger than in the general population. However, despite recent and ongoing progress in this area of study, the reliability of prevalence estimates remains limited by methodological factors related to TBI definitions and detection methods. Implications for TBI research and clinical service provision are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

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受刑事法律制度影响的人群中创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的患病率：一项最新的荟萃分析和亚组分析。

目的：创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，对在逮捕、定罪、监禁和社区监督期间直接受到刑事法律系统影响的人有影响。这项荟萃分析估计了不同环境下受刑事法律系统监督的人一生中TBI的患病率。假设：在先前研究的基础上，我们假设流行率估计会受到方法、临床和人口统计因素的影响。方法：符合条件的研究包括由刑事法律系统（即监狱、监狱、缓刑、假释、住院/法医医院）监督的成年参与者参与的研究，这些研究提供了TBI患病率样本和确定TBI病史的方法。我们采用亚组分析和元回归来研究环境、TBI定义和检测方法、精神疾病和物质使用障碍的终生史以及性别的影响。结果：样本最终包括64项研究，共52540名参与者。使用随机效应模型和logit变换，我们发现在所有研究中，TBI患病率的总体估计为45.8%（95%置信区间，CI[37.854.1]，95%预测区间，PI[5.592.5]），中度至重度TBI为32.0%（95%CI[25.039.8]，95%PI[11.263.6]）。TBI的定义和检测方法对合并估计值有显著影响。结论：受刑事法律制度影响的人群中TBI的患病率可能高于普通人群。然而，尽管这一研究领域最近取得了进展，但患病率估计的可靠性仍然受到与TBI定义和检测方法相关的方法因素的限制。讨论了TBI研究和临床服务提供的意义。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Law and Human Behavior Multiple-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

8.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Law and Human Behavior, the official journal of the American Psychology-Law Society/Division 41 of the American Psychological Association, is a multidisciplinary forum for the publication of articles and discussions of issues arising out of the relationships between human behavior and the law, our legal system, and the legal process. This journal publishes original research, reviews of past research, and theoretical studies from professionals in criminal justice, law, psychology, sociology, psychiatry, political science, education, communication, and other areas germane to the field.