Burnout Among Family Physicians in the United States: A Review of the Literature.

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Quality Management in Health Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-11 DOI:10.1097/QMH.0000000000000439
Timothy Hoff, Kathryn Trovato, Aliya Kitsakos
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Abstract

Background and objectives: Burnout among physicians who work in primary care is an important problem that impacts health care quality, local communities, and the public's health. It can degrade the quality of primary care services in an area and exacerbate workforce shortages. This study conducted a review of the published research on burnout among family physicians working in the United States.

Methods: We used a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided approach and several article databases to identify, filter, and analyze published research on US family physician burnout that uses data collected from 2015 onward.

Results: Thirty-three empirical studies were identified with findings that included US family physician burnout prevalence and/or associations between burnout and specific personal and contextual drivers. Mean family physician burnout prevalence across studies that measured it was 35%. Almost half of the studies classified one-third or more of their family physician samples as burned out. Physician gender (being female), age (being younger), and job/work-related factors (workload, time pressures) were the most commonly identified correlates of family physician burnout. The vast majority of studies were cross-sectional and used secondary data.

Conclusions: The extant research literature on family physician burnout in the United States shows that burnout is currently a meaningful problem. Several important correlates of the problem can be identified, some of which managers and health care organizations can proactively address. Other correlates require managers and health care organizations also viewing family physicians in differentiated ways. The collective literature can be improved through a more consistent focus on similar burnout correlates across studies; inclusion of interventions aimed at lessening the effects of key burnout correlates; employment of more robust longitudinal and quasi-experimental research designs; and additional pandemic-era data collection on burnout.

美国家庭医生的倦怠:文献综述。
背景和目标:初级保健医生的倦怠是一个影响医疗质量、当地社区和公众健康的重要问题。它可能会降低一个地区的初级保健服务质量,并加剧劳动力短缺。本研究对已发表的关于在美国工作的家庭医生倦怠的研究进行了综述。方法:我们使用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)指导的方法和几个文章数据库来识别、筛选和分析已发表的美国家庭医生倦怠研究,这些研究使用了2015年以后收集的数据。结果:33项实证研究的结果包括美国家庭医生的倦怠患病率和/或倦怠与特定个人和环境驱动因素之间的关联。衡量这一点的研究中,家庭医生倦怠的平均发生率为35%。近一半的研究将三分之一或更多的家庭医生样本归类为烧坏。医生性别(女性)、年龄(年轻)和工作/工作因素(工作量、时间压力)是家庭医生倦怠最常见的相关因素。绝大多数研究都是横断面的,使用的是次要数据。结论:美国现存的关于家庭医生倦怠的研究文献表明,倦怠是目前一个有意义的问题。可以确定问题的几个重要相关性,其中一些管理者和医疗保健组织可以主动解决。其他相关因素要求管理者和医疗保健组织也以不同的方式看待家庭医生。集体文献可以通过在研究中更加一致地关注类似的倦怠相关性来改进;纳入旨在减轻关键倦怠相关因素影响的干预措施;采用更稳健的纵向和准实验研究设计;以及新冠疫情时期关于倦怠的额外数据收集。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Quality Management in Health Care
Quality Management in Health Care HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
108
期刊介绍: Quality Management in Health Care (QMHC) is a peer-reviewed journal that provides a forum for our readers to explore the theoretical, technical, and strategic elements of health care quality management. The journal''s primary focus is on organizational structure and processes as these affect the quality of care and patient outcomes. In particular, it: -Builds knowledge about the application of statistical tools, control charts, benchmarking, and other devices used in the ongoing monitoring and evaluation of care and of patient outcomes; -Encourages research in and evaluation of the results of various organizational strategies designed to bring about quantifiable improvements in patient outcomes; -Fosters the application of quality management science to patient care processes and clinical decision-making; -Fosters cooperation and communication among health care providers, payers and regulators in their efforts to improve the quality of patient outcomes; -Explores links among the various clinical, technical, administrative, and managerial disciplines involved in patient care, as well as the role and responsibilities of organizational governance in ongoing quality management.
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