Andreas Peil, Nicholas P Howard, Simone Bühlmann-Schütz, Ines Hiller, Henk Schouten, Henryk Flachowsky, Andrea Patocchi
{"title":"<i>Rvi4</i> and <i>Rvi15</i> are the same apple scab resistance genes.","authors":"Andreas Peil, Nicholas P Howard, Simone Bühlmann-Schütz, Ines Hiller, Henk Schouten, Henryk Flachowsky, Andrea Patocchi","doi":"10.1007/s11032-023-01421-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The apple (<i>Malus</i> x <i>domestica</i>) scab (<i>Venturia inaequalis</i>) resistance genes <i>Rvi4</i> and <i>Rvi15</i> were mapped to a similar region on the top of linkage group 2 and both resistance genes elicit the same type of resistance reaction, i.e., a hypersensitive response; hence, it is suspected that the two genes may be the same. As the two resistance genes <i>Rvi4</i> and <i>Rvi15</i> are currently used in apple breeding, it is important to clarify whether the two resistance genes are the same or not. Several approaches were used to make this determination. First, the pedigree of the genotype GMAL 2473, the source of <i>Rvi15</i>, was reconstructed. GMAL 2473 was found to be an F1 of 'Russian seedling', the genotype, which is known to also be the source of <i>Rvi4</i>. Next, it was further demonstrated that 'Regia', a cultivar known to carry <i>Rvi4</i> (and <i>Rvi2</i>), carries the same gene (<i>Vr2-C</i>), which was demonstrated to be the gene inducing <i>Rvi15</i> resistance. Finally, it was shown that transgenic lines carrying <i>Vr2-C</i> are compatible with race <i>4</i> apple scab isolates. Taken all together, these results definitively demonstrate that <i>Rvi4</i> and <i>Rvi15</i> are the same resistance gene. For future studies, we suggest referring to this resistance with the first name that was assigned to this gene, namely <i>Rvi4</i>.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01421-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"43 10","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564682/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Breeding","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-023-01421-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/10/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The apple (Malus x domestica) scab (Venturia inaequalis) resistance genes Rvi4 and Rvi15 were mapped to a similar region on the top of linkage group 2 and both resistance genes elicit the same type of resistance reaction, i.e., a hypersensitive response; hence, it is suspected that the two genes may be the same. As the two resistance genes Rvi4 and Rvi15 are currently used in apple breeding, it is important to clarify whether the two resistance genes are the same or not. Several approaches were used to make this determination. First, the pedigree of the genotype GMAL 2473, the source of Rvi15, was reconstructed. GMAL 2473 was found to be an F1 of 'Russian seedling', the genotype, which is known to also be the source of Rvi4. Next, it was further demonstrated that 'Regia', a cultivar known to carry Rvi4 (and Rvi2), carries the same gene (Vr2-C), which was demonstrated to be the gene inducing Rvi15 resistance. Finally, it was shown that transgenic lines carrying Vr2-C are compatible with race 4 apple scab isolates. Taken all together, these results definitively demonstrate that Rvi4 and Rvi15 are the same resistance gene. For future studies, we suggest referring to this resistance with the first name that was assigned to this gene, namely Rvi4.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01421-0.
苹果（Malus x domestica）赤霉病（Venturia inaequival）抗性基因Rvi4和Rvi15被定位到连锁群2顶部的相似区域，并且这两个抗性基因引发相同类型的抗性反应，即超敏反应；因此，人们怀疑这两个基因可能是相同的。由于Rvi4和Rvi15这两个抗性基因目前在苹果育种中使用，因此澄清这两个抗病基因是否相同很重要。作出这一决定采用了几种方法。首先，对Rvi15的来源GMAL2473基因型的家系进行了重建。GMAL 2473被发现是“俄罗斯幼苗”的F1，该基因型也是Rvi4的来源。接下来，进一步证明了“Regia”，一个已知携带Rvi4（和Rvi2）的品种，携带相同的基因（Vr2-C），这被证明是诱导Rvi15抗性的基因。最后，表明携带Vr2-C的转基因系与小种4苹果赤霉病分离株是相容的。总之，这些结果明确证明Rvi4和Rvi15是相同的抗性基因。对于未来的研究，我们建议用该基因的第一个名字，即Rvi4来指代这种抗性。补充信息：在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s11032-023-01421-0上获得。
期刊介绍：
Molecular Breeding is an international journal publishing papers on applications of plant molecular biology, i.e., research most likely leading to practical applications. The practical applications might relate to the Developing as well as the industrialised World and have demonstrable benefits for the seed industry, farmers, processing industry, the environment and the consumer.
All papers published should contribute to the understanding and progress of modern plant breeding, encompassing the scientific disciplines of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, physiology, pathology, plant breeding, and ecology among others.
Molecular Breeding welcomes the following categories of papers: full papers, short communications, papers describing novel methods and review papers. All submission will be subject to peer review ensuring the highest possible scientific quality standards.
Molecular Breeding core areas:
Molecular Breeding will consider manuscripts describing contemporary methods of molecular genetics and genomic analysis, structural and functional genomics in crops, proteomics and metabolic profiling, abiotic stress and field evaluation of transgenic crops containing particular traits. Manuscripts on marker assisted breeding are also of major interest, in particular novel approaches and new results of marker assisted breeding, QTL cloning, integration of conventional and marker assisted breeding, and QTL studies in crop plants.
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