HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-10 DOI:10.1007/s11904-022-00605-1

Phillip Chan, Serena Spudich

{"title":"HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies.","authors":"Phillip Chan, Serena Spudich","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00605-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review focuses on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in connection to the central nervous system (CNS) reservoir in treatment-naïve and virally suppressed PLWH, followed by the findings in CSF HIV-1 escape and analytical treatment interruption studies.Recent findings: Compared to chronic infection, initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV-1 infection results in more homogeneous longitudinal benefits in the CNS. Viral variants in CSF HIV-1 escape are independently linked to infected cells from the systemic reservoir and in the CNS, highlighting the phenomenon as a consequence of different mechanisms. HIV-infected cells persist in CSF in nearly half of the individuals on stable ART and are associated with worse neurocognitive performance. Future studies should probe into the origin of the HIV-infected cells in the CSF. Examining the capacity for viral replication would provide new insight into the CNS reservoir and identify strategies to eradicate it or compensate for the insufficiency of ART.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 3","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590959/pdf/nihms-1937040.pdf","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00605-1","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/5/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review focuses on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in connection to the central nervous system (CNS) reservoir in treatment-naïve and virally suppressed PLWH, followed by the findings in CSF HIV-1 escape and analytical treatment interruption studies.

Recent findings: Compared to chronic infection, initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV-1 infection results in more homogeneous longitudinal benefits in the CNS. Viral variants in CSF HIV-1 escape are independently linked to infected cells from the systemic reservoir and in the CNS, highlighting the phenomenon as a consequence of different mechanisms. HIV-infected cells persist in CSF in nearly half of the individuals on stable ART and are associated with worse neurocognitive performance. Future studies should probe into the origin of the HIV-infected cells in the CSF. Examining the capacity for viral replication would provide new insight into the CNS reservoir and identify strategies to eradicate it or compensate for the insufficiency of ART.

查看原文本刊更多论文

中枢神经系统中HIV的分区及其对治疗结果和治疗策略的影响。

综述目的：本综述的重点是治疗幼稚和病毒抑制的PLWH时与中枢神经系统（CNS）储库相关的脑脊液（CSF）发现，以及CSF HIV-1逃逸和分析性治疗中断研究的发现。最近的发现：与慢性感染相比，在急性HIV-1感染期间开始抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）对中枢神经系统产生更均匀的纵向益处。CSF HIV-1逃逸中的病毒变体与来自系统性贮存器和中枢神经系统的感染细胞独立相关，这突出了不同机制导致的现象。在接受稳定ART的近一半个体中，HIV感染的细胞在CSF中持续存在，并且与较差的神经认知表现有关。未来的研究应该探究CSF中HIV感染细胞的起源。检查病毒复制能力将为中枢神经系统库提供新的见解，并确定根除或弥补ART不足的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.