Contextual familiarity rescues the cost of switching.

IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-06 DOI:10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1
Lindsay I Rait, Vishnu P Murty, Sarah DuBrow
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Abstract

Changes in context influence the way we form and structure memories. Yet, little is known about how qualitatively different types of context switches shape memory organization. The current experiments characterize how different features of context change influence the structure and organization of free recall. Participants completed a context switching paradigm in which we manipulated the rate of switches and prior experience with the contexts participants were switching between (repeated vs. novel). We measured free-recall performance and determined the extent to which participants organized items by the order in which they were encoded or the type of context with which they were originally presented. Across two experiments, we found and replicated that rapidly switching to novel, but not repeated contexts, impaired memory recall performance and biased memory towards a greater reliance on temporal information. Critically, we observed that these differences in performance may be due to distinctions in how participants organize their recalls when rapidly switching contexts. Results indicated that participants were less likely to only cluster their responses by the same context when the contexts were repeating at a high rate, as compared to when the contexts were novel. Overall, our findings support a model in which contextual familiarity rescues the costs associated with rapidly switching to new tasks or contexts.

Abstract Image

熟悉上下文可以节省转换成本。
语境的变化会影响我们形成和构建记忆的方式。然而,人们对不同类型的上下文如何改变形状记忆组织知之甚少。目前的实验描述了上下文变化的不同特征如何影响自由回忆的结构和组织。参与者完成了一个上下文切换范式,在该范式中,我们操纵了切换的速率和参与者在上下文之间切换的先前经验(重复与新颖)。我们测量了自由回忆的表现,并确定了参与者根据项目的编码顺序或最初呈现的上下文类型来组织项目的程度。在两个实验中,我们发现并复制了快速切换到新的但不是重复的上下文,损害了记忆回忆性能,并使记忆更加依赖时间信息。至关重要的是,我们观察到,这些表现上的差异可能是由于参与者在快速切换上下文时组织回忆的方式不同。结果表明,与上下文新颖时相比,当上下文重复率高时,参与者不太可能只根据相同的上下文对他们的反应进行聚类。总的来说,我们的研究结果支持了一个模型,在该模型中,上下文熟悉度挽救了快速切换到新任务或上下文的相关成本。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.90%
发文量
165
期刊介绍: The journal provides coverage spanning a broad spectrum of topics in all areas of experimental psychology. The journal is primarily dedicated to the publication of theory and review articles and brief reports of outstanding experimental work. Areas of coverage include cognitive psychology broadly construed, including but not limited to action, perception, & attention, language, learning & memory, reasoning & decision making, and social cognition. We welcome submissions that approach these issues from a variety of perspectives such as behavioral measurements, comparative psychology, development, evolutionary psychology, genetics, neuroscience, and quantitative/computational modeling. We particularly encourage integrative research that crosses traditional content and methodological boundaries.
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