Limiting open science? Three approaches to bottom-up governance of dual-use research of concern.

IF 4.9 4区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
Pathogens and Global Health Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI:10.1080/20477724.2023.2265626
Go Yoshizawa, Nariyoshi Shinomiya, Shishin Kawamoto, Naoto Kawahara, Daisuke Kiga, Ken-Ichi Hanaki, Jusaku Minari
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Governing dual-use research of concern (DURC) in the life sciences has become difficult owing to the diversification of scientific domains, digitalization of potential threats, and the proliferation of actors. This paper proposes three approaches to realize bottom-up governance of DURC from laboratory operation to institutional decision-making levels. First, a technological approach can predict and monitor the dual-use nature of the research target pathogens and their information. Second, an interactive approach is proposed in which diverse stakeholders proactively discuss and examine dual-use issues through research practice. Third, a personnel approach can identify the right persons involved in DURC. These approaches suggest that, going beyond self-governance by researchers, collaborative and networked governance involving diverse actors should become essential. This mode of governance can also be seen in light of the management of research use. Therefore, program design by funding agencies and publication screening by journal publishers continuously contribute to governance at the meso-level. Bottom-up governance may be realized by using an appropriately integrated design of these three approaches at the micro-level, such as dual-use prediction and monitoring, stakeholder dialogue, and background checks. Given that the term 'open science' has been promoted to the research community as part of top-down governance, paying due attention on site to research subjects, research practices, and persons involved in research will provide an opportunity to develop a more socially conscious open science.

限制开放科学?三种自下而上治理令人关切的两用研究的方法。
由于科学领域的多样化、潜在威胁的数字化和行为者的激增,管理生命科学中的军民两用研究变得困难。本文提出了实现DURC自下而上治理的三种途径,从实验室运作到机构决策层面。首先,技术方法可以预测和监测研究目标病原体及其信息的双重用途性质。第二,提出了一种互动方法,不同的利益攸关方通过研究实践积极讨论和审查两用问题。第三,人事方法可以确定参与DURC的合适人员。这些方法表明,除了研究人员的自我治理之外,涉及不同行为者的协作和网络治理应该变得至关重要。这种治理模式也可以从研究使用的管理中看出。因此,资助机构的计划设计和期刊出版商的出版物筛选不断为中层治理做出贡献。自下而上的治理可以通过在微观层面对这三种方法进行适当的综合设计来实现,例如两用预测和监测、利益攸关方对话和背景调查。鉴于“开放科学”一词已作为自上而下治理的一部分推广到研究界,在现场适当关注研究主题、研究实践和参与研究的人员将为发展更具社会意识的开放科学提供机会。
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来源期刊
Pathogens and Global Health
Pathogens and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-PARASITOLOGY
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
60
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Pathogens and Global Health is a journal of infectious disease and public health that focuses on the translation of molecular, immunological, genomics and epidemiological knowledge into control measures for global health threat. The journal publishes original innovative research papers, reviews articles and interviews policy makers and opinion leaders on health subjects of international relevance. It provides a forum for scientific, ethical and political discussion of new innovative solutions for controlling and eradicating infectious diseases, with particular emphasis on those diseases affecting the poorest regions of the world.
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